Tainan City
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Tainan 臺南市 |
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| Special municipality | |||
| Tainan City | |||
Clockwise from top: Downtown Tainan, Statue of Yoichi Hatta, THSR Tainan Station, Dan zai noodles, Fort Provintia, Beehive firework in Yanshui.
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| Etymology: Chinese: táinán (Taiwan south) | |||
| Nickname(s): The Phoenix City (鳳凰城), The Prefecture City (府城) | |||
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| Country | Republic of China | ||
| Region | Southern Taiwan | ||
| Seat | Anping District and Xinying District | ||
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| Government | |||
| • Type | Tainan City Government | ||
| • Mayor | William Lai (DPP) | ||
| • Deputy Mayor | Hsu He-chun | ||
| Area | |||
| • Special municipality | 2,191.65 km2 (846.20 sq mi) | ||
| • Urban | 259 km2 (100 sq mi) | ||
| Area rank | 7 out of 22 | ||
| Population (2016) | |||
| • Special municipality | 1,885,252 | ||
| • Rank | 6 of 22 | ||
| • Density | 860/km2 (2,200/sq mi) | ||
| • Urban | 1,170,000 | ||
| • Urban density | 4,500/km2 (12,000/sq mi) | ||
| Time zone | National Standard Time (UTC+8) | ||
| Postal code | 700-745 | ||
| Area code(s) | (0)6 | ||
| ISO 3166 code | TW-TNN | ||
| Bird | Pheasant-tailed jacana | ||
| Flower | Phalaenopsis | ||
| Tree | Delonix regia | ||
| Website | www.tainan.gov.tw/tainanE (English) | ||
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| Tainan City | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Traditional Chinese | / 市 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 台南市 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hanyu Pinyin | Táinán Shì | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Japanese name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kanji | 台南市 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kana | たいなんし | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kyūjitai | 臺南市 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Táinán Shì |
| Bopomofo | ㄊㄞˊ ㄋㄢˊ ㄕˋ |
| Gwoyeu Romatzyh | Tairnan Shyh |
| Wade–Giles | Tʻai²-nan² Shih⁴ |
| Tongyong Pinyin | Táinán Shìh |
| MPS2 | Táinán Shr̀ |
| IPA | [tʰǎi̯.nǎn ʂɻ̩̂] |
| Hakka | |
| Romanization | Thòi-nàm Sṳ |
| Southern Min | |
| Hokkien POJ | Tâi-lâm-chhī |
| Tâi-lô | Tâi-lâm-tshī |
| Transcriptions | |
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| Romanization | Tainan-shi |
Tainan, officially Tainan City is a special municipality located in southern Taiwan, Republic of China, facing the Taiwan Strait in the west and south. Tainan is the oldest city in Taiwan and also commonly known as the "Capital City" (府城; Fǔchéng; Hú-siâⁿ) for its over 200 years of history as the capital of Taiwan under Koxinga and later Qing dynasty rule. Tainan's complex history of comebacks, redefinitions and renewals inspired its popular nickname "the Phoenix City".
Tainan was initially established by the Dutch East India Company as a ruling and trading base called Fort Zeelandia during the period of Dutch rule on Taiwan. After Dutch colonists were defeated by Koxinga in 1661, Tainan remained as the capital of the Tungning Kingdom until 1683 and afterwards the capital of Taiwan Prefecture under the rule of Qing Dynasty until 1887, when the new provincial capital was moved to Taipei. Tainan has been historically regarded as one of the oldest cities in Taiwan, and its former name, Tayouan, has been claimed to be the origin of the name "Taiwan". It is also one of Taiwan's cultural capitals, for its rich folk cultures including the famous local snack food, extensively preserved Taoist rites and other living local traditions covering everything from child birth to funerals. The city houses the first Confucian school–temple, built in 1665, the remains of the Eastern and Southern gates of the old city, and countless other historical monuments. Tainan claims more Buddhist and Taoist temples than any other city in Taiwan.
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