Sodium perchlorate

Sodium perchlorate

Names
Other names Sodium chlorate(VII) Sodium hyperchlorate Perchloric acid, sodium salt
Identifiers
CAS Number	7601-89-0 Y
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:132103 N
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1644700 N
ChemSpider	22668 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.647
EC Number	231-511-9
PubChem	522606
RTECS number	SC9800000
UN number	1502
InChI InChI=1S/ClHO4.Na/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 Y Key: BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Y InChI=1/ClHO4.Na/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 Key: BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-REWHXWOFAU
SMILES [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O
Properties
Chemical formula	NaClO4 NaClO4.H2O (monohydrate)
Molar mass	122.44 g/mol
Appearance	White crystalline solid
Density	2.4994 g/cm3 2.02 g/cm3 (monohydrate)
Melting point	468 °C (874 °F; 741 K) (decomposes, anhydrous) 130 °C (monohydrate)
Boiling point	482 °C (900 °F; 755 K) (decomposes, monohydrate)
Solubility in water	209.6 g/100 mL (25 °C, anhydrous) 209 g/100 mL (15 °C, monohydrate)
Refractive index (nD)	1.4617
Structure
Crystal structure	orthorhombic
Hazards
Safety data sheet	ICSC 0715
EU classification (DSD)	Oxidant (O) Harmful (Xn)
R-phrases	R9, R22
S-phrases	(S2), S13, S22, S27
NFPA 704	0 2 1 OX
Flash point	400 °C (752 °F; 673 K)
Related compounds
Other anions	Sodium chloride Sodium hypochlorite Sodium chlorite Sodium chlorate
Other cations	Lithium perchlorate Potassium perchlorate Ammonium perchlorate Caesium perchlorate
Related compounds	Perchloric acid
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Sodium perchlorate is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula NaClO₄. It is the most soluble of the common perchlorate salts. It is a white crystalline, hygroscopic solid that is highly soluble in water and in alcohol. It usually comes as the monohydrate, which has a rhombic crystal system.

Its heat of formation is −382.75 kJ mol⁻¹.

Sodium perchlorate is the precursor to many other perchlorate salts, often taking advantage of their low solubility relative to NaClO₄ (209 g/100 mL at 25 °C). Perchloric acid is made by treating NaClO₄ with HCl.

NaClO₄ finds only minimal use in pyrotechnics because it is hygroscopic; ammonium and potassium perchlorates are preferred. These salts are prepared by double decomposition from a solution of sodium perchlorate and potassium or ammonium chlorides.

NaClO₄ has a variety of uses in the laboratory, often as an unreactive electrolyte. For example, it is used in standard DNA extraction and hybridization reactions in molecular biology.

Sodium perchlorate can be used to block iodine uptake before administration of iodinated contrast agents in patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism (suppressed TSH).

Sodium perchlorate is produced by anodic oxidation of sodium chlorate at an inert electrode, such as platinum.