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Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries

Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
Flag of Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
Flag
Location of Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
Headquarters Vienna, Austria
Official language English
Type International cartel
Membership
Leaders
Mohammed Barkindo
Establishment Baghdad, Iraq
• Statute
September 1960
• In effect
January 1961
Currency Indexed as USD per barrel (US$ /bbl)
Website
www.opec.org

Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC, /ˈpɛk/ OH-pek, or OPEP in several other languages) is an intergovernmental organization of 14 nations as of May 2017, founded in 1960 in Baghdad by the first five members (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela), and headquartered since 1965 in Vienna. As of 2016, the 14 countries accounted for an estimated 44 percent of global oil production and 73 percent of the world's "proven" oil reserves, giving OPEC a major influence on global oil prices that were previously determined by American-dominated multinational oil companies.

OPEC's stated mission is "to coordinate and unify the petroleum policies of its member countries and ensure the stabilization of oil markets, in order to secure an efficient, economic and regular supply of petroleum to consumers, a steady income to producers, and a fair return on capital for those investing in the petroleum industry." The organization is also a significant provider of information about the international oil market. As of May 2017, OPEC's members are Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia (the de facto leader), United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela, while Indonesia is a former member. Two-thirds of OPEC's oil production and reserves are in its six Middle Eastern countries that surround the oil-rich Persian Gulf.


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