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Melbourne (Victoria)

Melbourne
Victoria
Melbourne city montage.jpg
Melbourne is located in Australia
Melbourne
Melbourne
Coordinates 37°48′49″S 144°57′47″E / 37.81361°S 144.96306°E / -37.81361; 144.96306Coordinates: 37°48′49″S 144°57′47″E / 37.81361°S 144.96306°E / -37.81361; 144.96306
Population 4,641,636 (2016) (2nd)
 • Density 453/km2 (1,170/sq mi)
Established 30 August 1835
Elevation 31 m (102 ft)
Area 9,990.5 km2 (3,857.4 sq mi)(GCCSA)
Time zone AEST (UTC+10)
 • Summer (DST) AEDT (UTC+11)
Location
LGA(s) 31 Municipalities across Greater Melbourne
County Grant, Bourke, Mornington
State electorate(s) 54 electoral districts and regions
Federal Division(s) 23 Divisions
Mean max temp Mean min temp Annual rainfall
20.4 °C
69 °F
11.4 °C
53 °F
602.6 mm
23.7 in
Largest overseas born populations
Country of birth Population (2011)
United Kingdom United Kingdom 150,015
India India 104,975
China China 90,420
Vietnam Vietnam 66,691
New Zealand New Zealand 62,627
Italy Italy 66,556
Greece Greece 47,666
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka 41,938
Malaysia Malaysia 37,642
Philippines Philippines 32,814
South Africa South Africa 20,968
Germany Germany 19,738

Melbourne (/ˈmɛlbərn/) is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-most populous city in Australia and Oceania. The name "Melbourne" refers to an urban agglomeration spanning 9,900 km2 (3,800 sq mi), which comprises the broader metropolitan area, as well as being the common name for its city centre. The metropolis is located on the large natural bay of Port Phillip and expands into the hinterlands towards the Dandenong and Macedon mountain ranges, Mornington Peninsula and Yarra Valley. Melbourne consists of 31 municipalities. It has a population of 4,641,636 as of 2016, and its inhabitants are called Melburnians.

Founded by free settlers from the British Crown colony of Van Diemen's Land on 30 August 1835, in what was then the colony of New South Wales, it was incorporated as a Crown settlement in 1837. It was named "Melbourne" by the Governor of New South Wales, Sir Richard Bourke, in honour of the British Prime Minister of the day, William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne. It was officially declared a city by Queen Victoria, to whom Lord Melbourne was close, in 1847, after which it became the capital of the newly founded colony of Victoria in 1851. During the Victorian gold rush of the 1850s, it was transformed into one of the world's largest and wealthiest cities. After the federation of Australia in 1901, it served as the nation's interim seat of government until 1927.


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