Jinan
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Jinan 济南 |
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| Sub-provincial city | |
Clockwise from top: Jinan's Skyline, Quancheng Square, Daming Lake, Furong Street, and Five Dragon Pool
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| Nickname(s): City of Springs (泉城) | |
 Location of Jinan City within Shandong |
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 Jinan
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| Coordinates: 36°40′N 116°59′E / 36.667°N 116.983°E | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Shandong |
| County-level divisions | 10 |
| Township divisions | 146 |
| Government | |
| • Party Secretary | Wang Wentao |
| • Mayor | Vacant |
| Area | |
| • Sub-provincial city | 8,177 km2 (3,157 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 3,304 km2 (1,276 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 3,304 km2 (1,276 sq mi) |
| Elevation(Airport) | 23 m (75 ft) |
| Population (2014) | |
| • Sub-provincial city | 7,067,900 |
| • Density | 860/km2 (2,200/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 4,693,700 |
| • Urban density | 1,400/km2 (3,700/sq mi) |
| Time zone | China Standard (UTC+8) |
| Postal code | 250000 |
| Area code(s) | 531 |
| License plate prefixes | A and W |
| GDP (2009) | CNY 335.1 billion |
| - per capita | CNY 49391 |
| Website | www.jinan.gov.cn (Chinese) |
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| Jinan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.svg)
"Jinan" in Simplified (top) and Traditional (bottom) Chinese characters
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| Simplified Chinese | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Traditional Chinese | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Postal | Tsinan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | "South of the Jǐ [River]" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Jǐnán |
| Bopomofo | ㄐㄧˇ ㄋㄢˊ |
| Gwoyeu Romatzyh | Jii'nan |
| Wade–Giles | Chi3-nan2 |
| IPA | [tɕì.nǎn] |
| Wu | |
| Romanization | Tsi去noe平 |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | Jai-nàahm |
| Jyutping | Zai2-naam4 |
| Southern Min | |
| Hokkien POJ | Chè-lâm |
| Tâi-lô | Tsē-lâm |
Coordinates: 36°40′N 116°59′E / 36.667°N 116.983°E
Jinan, formerly romanized as Tsinan, is the capital of Shandong province in Eastern China. The area of present-day Jinan has played an important role in the history of the region from the earliest beginnings of civilization and has evolved into a major national administrative, economic, and transportation hub. The city has held sub-provincial administrative status since 1994. Jinan is often called the "Spring City" for its famous 72 artesian springs. Its population was 7,067,900 in 2014 with an urban population of 4,693,700.
The modern-day name Jinan literally means "south of the Ji (Waters)" and refers to the old Ji River that had flowed to the north of the city until the middle of the 19th century. The Ji River disappeared in 1852 when the Yellow River changed its course northwards and took over its bed. The current pronunciation of the character "Ji" with the third tone ("jǐ") was established in the late 1970s. Prior to this, it was pronounced with the fourth tone (""). Older texts spell the name as "Tsinan" (Wade-Giles romanizaton) or "Chi-nan".
During the times of the Zhou dynasty (1045 BC to 256 BC), the city of Lixia (simplified Chinese: ; traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: Lìxià) was the major settlement in the area. The name "Lixia" refers to the location of Jinan at the foot of Mount Li, which lies to the south of the city). Today, Lixia is the name of one of the city's districts.
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