Hešeri Sonin
| Sonin | |
|---|---|
| 索尼 | |
| Regent of the Qing Dynasty | |
|
In office 1661–1667 Serving with Ebilun, Suksaha, Oboi |
|
| Appointed by | Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang |
| Monarch | Kangxi Emperor |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1601 |
| Died | 1667 |
| Relations |
|
| Children |
Songgotu (son) Gabula (son) |
| Noble Rank | 1st class Duke |
| Posthumous name | Wenzhong 文忠 |
Songgotu (son)
Soni (1601–1667), also known as Sonin, and rarely Sony (Manchu: 
; Chinese: 索尼; pinyin: Suǒní), was a Manchu of the Hešeri clan who served as one of the Four Regents of the Kangxi Emperor (r. 1661–1722) during the Qing dynasty (1644–1912). His clan belonged to the Plain Yellow Banner.
Soni's father Šose (Chinese: Shuose ) and uncle Hife (Xifu ), who were both fluent in Mandarin, Mongolian and Manchu, served as high officials under Manchu patriarch Nurhaci (1559–1626). Like them, Soni was valued for his linguistic abilities. In 1628, under Nurhaci's successor Hong Taiji (1592–1643), Soni led a successful diplomatic mission to convince the recently surrendered Khorchin Mongols to honor their pledge to help the Manchus militarily. In 1629 he was named to the newly created "Literary Office" (Chinese: wenguan 文館), an institution that kept a detailed record of Manchu history and translated Chinese books about statecraft and Chinese and Korean state documents into Manchu. In 1630 Soni was ordered to remain in recently conquered Chinese cities to supervise surrendered Chinese leaders and commanders.
By 1643, Soni had become "grand minister of the imperial bodyguard," and when Hong Taiji died in September of that year, Soni used his allies in the guards unit and the yellow banners to ensure that only a son of Hong Taiji would succeed to the Qing throne. Soon after Dorgon (1612–1650) was chosen as Prince Regent for Hong Taiji's son Fulin—who reigned as the Shunzhi Emperor from 1643 to his death in 1661—the Manchu victory at the Battle of Shanhai Pass in late May 1644 allowed the Qing to take control of north China and to move their capital from Mukden to Beijing. Despite repeated military successes in the south, in 1645 factional struggles started around Dorgon. Deeply involved in many of the factional struggles of the second half of the 1640s, Soni was in turn favored, sentenced to death, pardoned, dismissed from office, reinstated, and dismissed again in 1648, the last time for good.
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