Haplogroup F (Y-DNA)
| Haplogroup F-M89 | |
|---|---|
.PNG) |
|
| Possible time of origin | 57,500–62,500;(Raghavan 2014); 45,000–55,700 BP (Karafet 2008); 43,000–56,800 BP (Hammer & Zegura 2002). |
| Possible place of origin | South Asia |
| Ancestor | CF |
| Descendants | Primary: F1, F2, F3, GHIJK. |
| Defining mutations | M89/PF2746, L132.1, M213/P137/Page38, M235/Page80, P14, P133, P134, P135, P136, P138, P139, P140, P141,P142, P145, P146, P148, P149, P151, P157, P158, P159, P160, P161, P163, P166, P187, P316 |
Haplogroup F, also known as F-M89 and previously as Haplogroup FT is a very common Y-chromosome haplogroup. The clade and its subclades constitute over 90% of paternal lineages outside of Africa. It is primarily found throughout South Asia, Southeast Asia and parts of East Asia.
The vast majority of individual males with F-M89 fall into its direct descendant Haplogroup GHIJK (F1329/M3658/PF2622/YSC0001299). in addition to GHIJK, haplogroup F has three other immediate descendant subclades: F1 (P91/P104), F2 (M427/M428), and F3 (M481). These three, with F* (M89*), constitute the paragroup F(xGHIJK).
Haplogroup GHIJK branches subsequently into two direct descendants: G (M201/PF2957) and HIJK (F929/M578/PF3494/S6397). HIJK in turn splits into H (L901/M2939) and IJK (F-L15). The descendants of Haplogroup IJK include haplogroups I, J, K, and, ultimately, several major haplogroups descended from Haplogroup K, namely: haplogroups M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, L, and T.
This megahaplogroup contains mainly lineages that are not typically found in sub-Saharan Africa, suggesting that its immediate ancestor haplogroup CF may have been carried out of Africa very early in the modern human diaspora, suggesting that F-M89 appeared 38,700-55,700 years ago, probably in South Asia.
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