Haplogroup P (Y-DNA)

Haplogroup P (K2b2)
Possible time of origin	35,000 years BP
Possible place of origin	Maritime South East Asia
Ancestor	K2b
Descendants	P1 (P-M45) and P2 (P-B253). (P1 is the immediate ancestor of haplogroups Q and R.)
Defining mutations	P295/PF5866/S8, 92R7_1, 92R7_2, F91/PF5862/V231

Haplogroup P also known as P-P295 and K2b2 is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup in human genetics. P-P295 is a branch of K2b (previously Haplogroup MPS; P331) which is a branch of Haplogroup K2 (K-M526).

The only primary branches (clades) of P-P295 are P1 (P-M45) and P2 (P-B253). P1 is, in turn, the parent node of Haplogroup Q (Q-M242) and Haplogroup R (R-M207).

Basal P* is found at its highest rate among members of the Aeta (or Agta), a people indigenous to Luzon, in The Philippines. Luzon is also the only location where P*, P1* and rare P2 are now found together, along with significant levels of K2b1. Even though P1* is now more common among individuals in Eastern Siberia and Central Asia, the above distributions tend to suggest that P* (P295) emerged in South East Asia.

The major subclades Haplogroups Q and R now include most males among Europeans, Native Americans, South Asians and Central Asians.

The subclades of Haplogroup P with their defining mutation, according to the 2016 ISOGG tree:

Basal P* (also known as P-P295*; K2b2*; PxM45,B253), has been reported among various groups in Island South East Asia and the South West Pacific. However, it is not always clear if these examples have been screened for P2 (P-B253).

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