Haplogroup K2 (Y-DNA)

Haplogroup K2
Possible time of origin	47,000-55,000 years BP
Possible place of origin	Southeast Asia
Ancestor	K
Descendants	Haplogroups NO (K2a); K2b (MPS); K2c; K2d; K2e.
Defining mutations	rs2033003 (M526)

Haplogroup K2, also known as K-M526 and formerly known as K(xLT) and MNOPS, is a human Y-DNA Haplogroup.

Relative to its age, the internal structure of K2 is extremely complex, and subclades of it are carried by males native to regions including Oceania, South East Asia, East Asia, Central Asia, the Americas, Europe, the Horn of Africa and South Asia.

The only living males reported as carrying the basal paragroup K2* (K-M526) are indigenous Australian males. Up to 27% of them may carry K2* – a further 29% of Aboriginal Australian males may belong to subclades within K2.

Ust'-Ishim man, an individual who lived approximately 45,000 BP, in Siberia, also apparently belonged to the paragroup K2*. (There is a remote possibility, however, that the remains of Ust'-Ishim man may belong to a descendant subclade such as Haplogroup NO* or another, as-yet unknown primary branch of K2.)

A direct descendant of Haplogroup K, K2 is a sibling of basal/paragroup K* and Haplogroup LT (also known as K1).

Haplogroup K2 is the direct ancestral haplogroup to five main descendant subclades:

At the level of highly-derived subclades, K2 is almost universal in some modern Eurasian and Native American populations. However, the only living males reported to carry the basal paragroup K2* are indigenous Australians. Major studies published in 2014 and 2015 suggest that up to 27% of Aboriginal Australian males carry K-M526* and others carry a subclade of K2: another 27% probably have K2b1a1 (P60, P304, P308; also known as "S-P308") and perhaps 2.0% have Haplogroup M1 – also known as M-M4 (or "M-M186") and K2b1d1.

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