European countries

The list below includes all entities falling even partially under any of the various common definitions of Europe, geographical or political. Fifty-six sovereign states, six of which have limited recognition, are listed with territory in Europe and/or membership in international European organisations. There are eight areas that are not integral parts of a European state or have special political status.

Under the commonly used geographic definition, the border between Asia and Europe stretches along the Ural Mountains,Ural River, and Caspian Sea in the east, the Greater Caucasus range and the Black Sea, with its outlets, the Bosporus and Dardanelles, in the south. Based on that division, transcontinental states Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkey have territory both in Europe and Asia.

The island of Cyprus in West Asia is proximate to Anatolia (or Asia Minor) and is on the Anatolian Plate but is often considered part of Europe and is a current member of the European Union (EU). Armenia is entirely in West Asia also but is a member of certain European organisations.

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