Emperor Xuanzong of Jin
| Emperor Xuanzong of Jin | |||||||||||||||||
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| Emperor of the Jin dynasty | |||||||||||||||||
| Reign | 22 September 1213 – 14 January 1224 | ||||||||||||||||
| Born | 18 April 1163 | ||||||||||||||||
| Died | 14 January 1224 (aged 60) | ||||||||||||||||
| Spouse |
Empress Rensheng Empress Minghui Lady Shi Lady Pang |
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| Issue |
Wanyan Shouzhong Wanyan Shouxu Wanyan Shouchun Wanyan Xuanling Princess of Wen |
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| Father | Wanyan Yungong | ||||||||||||||||
| Mother | Empress Zhaosheng | ||||||||||||||||
| Full name | |
|---|---|
| Wanyan Xun (sinicised name) Wanyan Congjia (sinicised name) Wudubu (Jurchen name) |
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| Era dates | |
| Zhenyou (貞祐; 1213–1217) Xingding (興定; 1217–1222) Yuanguang (元光; 1222–1223) |
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| Posthumous name | |
| Emperor Jitian Xingtong Shudao Qinren Yingwu Shengxiao (繼天興統述道勤仁英武聖孝皇帝) | |
| Temple name | |
| Xuanzong (宣宗) |
| Emperor Xuanzong of Jin | |||||||
| Chinese | 金宣宗 | ||||||
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| Wudubu | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 吾睹補 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 吾睹补 | ||||||
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| Wanyan Xun | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 完顏珣 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 完颜珣 | ||||||
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| Wanyan Congjia | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 完顏從嘉 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 完颜从嘉 | ||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Jīn Xuānzōng |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Wúdǔbǔ |
| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Wányán Xún |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Wányán Cóngjiā |
Emperor Xuanzong of Jin (18 April 1163 – 14 January 1224), personal name Wudubu, sinicised names Wanyan Xun and Wanyan Congjia, was the eighth emperor of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty, which ruled northern China between the 12th and 13th centuries. He was the first Jin emperor to be defeated by the Mongols after they crossed the Great Wall in 1211 during their conquest of the Jin dynasty.
Wudubu was a son of Wanyan Yungong (完顏允恭), a son of Emperor Shizong. He was a nephew of Wanyan Yongji, his predecessor as emperor. His mother was Lady Liu (劉氏), a concubine of Wanyan Yungong. In 1178, he was enfeoffed as the "Duke of Wen" (溫國公). In 1186, he was given the sinicised name "Xun" (珣). In 1189, he was promoted to "Prince of Feng" (豐王). In 1196, his princely title was changed to "Prince of Yi" (翼王). In 1205, his sinicised name was changed to "Congjia" (從嘉). His princely titles were subsequently changed again, to "Prince of Xing" (邢王) and then "Prince of Sheng" (升王).
In the eighth month of 1213, the general Heshilie Zhizhong (紇石烈執中; also known as Hushahu 胡沙虎) rebelled against the emperor, Wanyan Yongji, and assassinated him. Hushahu then installed Wanyan Congjia on the throne to replace Wanyan Yongji. As Wanyan Congjia was stationed in Hebei at the time, Hushahu chose Wanyan Congjia's eldest son, Wanyan Shouzhong (完顏守忠), to temporarily serve as jianguo (監國; regent) in the capital, Zhongdu (中都; present-day Xicheng and Fengtai districts of Beijing). In the ninth month, Wanyan Congjia returned to Zhongdu and was crowned emperor; he is thus historically known as Emperor Xuanzong of the Jin dynasty. He appointed Hushahu as Grand Tutor (太師), Chief Imperial Secretary (尚書令), and Marshal of the Capital (都元帥), in addition to enfeoffing him as "Prince of Ze" (澤王). Shortly after his ascension, Emperor Xuanzong adopted the regnal name "Zhenyou" (貞祐). He also changed his sinicised name back from "Congjia" to "Xun". In the tenth month, Hushahu was assassinated by Zhuhu Gaoqi (朮虎高琪), another general. Emperor Xuanzong pardoned Zhuhu Gaoqi and appointed him as Left Deputy Marshal (左副元帥).
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