Emperor Aizong of Jin
| Emperor Aizong of Jin |
| Emperor of the Jin dynasty |
| Reign |
15 January 1224 – 9 February 1234 |
|
|
| Born |
(1198-09-25)25 September 1198 |
| Died |
9 February 1234(1234-02-09) (aged 35) |
| Spouse |
Empress Tushan |
| Full name |
Wanyan Shouxu (sinicised name)
Wanyan Shouli (sinicised name)
Ningjiasu (Jurchen name)
|
| Era dates |
Zhengda (正大; 1224–1232)
Kaixing (開興; 1232)
Tianxing (天興; 1232–1234) |
| Posthumous name |
Emperor Yizongzhuang (義宗莊皇帝)
Emperor Min (閔皇帝) |
| Temple name |
| Aizong (哀宗) |
|
| Father |
Emperor Xuanzong |
| Mother |
Empress Minghui |
| Full name |
Wanyan Shouxu (sinicised name)
Wanyan Shouli (sinicised name)
Ningjiasu (Jurchen name)
|
| Era dates |
Zhengda (正大; 1224–1232)
Kaixing (開興; 1232)
Tianxing (天興; 1232–1234) |
| Posthumous name |
Emperor Yizongzhuang (義宗莊皇帝)
Emperor Min (閔皇帝) |
| Temple name |
| Aizong (哀宗) |
Emperor Aizong of Jin (25 September 1198 – 9 February 1234), personal name Ningjiasu, sinicised names Wanyan Shouxu and Wanyan Shouli, was the ninth emperor of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty, which ruled most of northern China between the 12th and 13th centuries. He was considered an able emperor who made several reforms beneficial to the Jin dynasty, such as the removal of corrupt officials and introduction of more lenient tax laws. He also ended the wars against the Southern Song dynasty, and focused the Jin dynasty's military resources on resisting the Mongol invasion. Despite his efforts, the Jin dynasty, already weakened by the flawed policies of his predecessors, eventually fell to the Mongol Empire. He escaped to Caizhou when the Mongols besieged Bianjing, the Jin capital, in 1232. When Caizhou also came under Mongol attack in 1234, he passed the throne to his army marshal Wanyan Chenglin and then committed suicide by hanging himself.
Ningjiasu was the third son of Emperor Xuanzong. His mother was Emperor Xuanzong's concubine, Lady Wang (王氏), who was posthumously honoured as "Empress Minghui" (明惠皇后). After Emperor Xuanzong ascended the throne, he gave the title "Prince of Sui" (遂王) to Ningjiasu. Emperor Xuanzong's eldest son and heir apparent, Wanyan Shouzhong (完顏守忠), as well as Wanyan Shouzhong's son, both died prematurely, so in 1216 Emperor Xuanzong declared Ningjiasu, his next oldest surviving son, as his heir apparent. Ningjiasu was given the sinicised name "Shouxu" (守緒).
When Emperor Xuanzong died in January 1224, Wanyan Shouxu inherited the throne and became historically known as Emperor Aizong. In 1224, he instated his consort Lady Tushan (徒單氏) as his empress consort. During his reign, Emperor Aizong tried to revive the Jin dynasty, which was on the verge of collapse due to his predecessors' policies. He ended the wars against the Southern Song dynasty, reconciled with the Jin dynasty's former ally Western Xia, instituted internal reforms in his administration, eliminated corrupt and incompetent officials, and promoted military generals who resisted the Mongol invasion and recovered lost territories from the Mongols. However, the Mongol Empire had become a formidable power by then, and in 1227 it completely conquered Western Xia and concentrated its attacks on the Jin dynasty.
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