Communist insurgency in Malaysia (1968–89)

Communist insurgency in Malaysia
Part of the Malayan Emergency and Cold War
Sarawak Rangers (present-day part of the Malaysian Rangers) comprising of Ibans leap from a Royal Australian Air Force Bell UH-1 Iroquois helicopter to guard the Malay–Thai border from potential Communist attacks in 1965, two years before the war starting in 1968.
Date 17 June 1968–2 December 1989 (21 years, 5 months, 2 weeks and 1 day) Location Peninsular Malaysia (Malaya) Result Peace agreement reached Communists agree to a ceasefire Peace Agreement of Hat Yai 1989 signed between the communists and the governments of Malaysia and Thailand Dissolution of the Malayan Communist Party (MCP)
Belligerents
Anti-communist forces:  Malaysia  Thailand Supported by:  United Kingdom  Australia  New Zealand  United States	Communist forces: Malayan Communist Party Malayan National Liberation Army Supported by:  China  Soviet Union
Commanders and leaders
Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah (1968–1970) Tuanku Abdul Halim (1970–1975) Yahya Petra of Kelantan (1975–1979) Ahmad Shah of Pahang (1979–1984) Iskandar of Johor (1984–1989) Azlan Shah of Perak (1989) Tunku Abdul Rahman Abdul Razak Hussein Hussein Onn Mahathir Mohamad Bhumibol Adulyadej Thanom Kittikachorn (until 1973) Seni Pramoj (1975; 1976) Kukrit Pramoj (1975–1976) Kriangsak Chamanan (1977–1980) Prem Tinsulanonda (1979–1988)	Chin Peng Abdullah CD
Strength
	8,000
Casualties and losses
155 killed 854 wounded	212 killed 150 captured 117 surrendered

Peace agreement reached

Anti-communist forces:
 Malaysia
 Thailand

Communist forces:
Malayan Communist Party

The Communist insurgency in Malaysia, also known as the Second Malayan Emergency, (Malay: Perang Insurgensi Melawan Pengganas Komunis or Perang Insurgensi Komunis and Darurat Kedua) was an armed conflict which occurred in Malaysia from 1968 to 1989, involving the Malayan Communist Party (MCP) and Malaysian federal security forces. Following the end of the Malayan Emergency in 1960, the predominantly ethnic Chinese Malayan National Liberation Army, armed wing of the MCP, had retreated to the Malaysian-Thailand border where it had regrouped and retrained for future offensives against the Malaysian government. The insurgency officially began when the MCP ambushed security forces in Kroh–Betong, in the northern part of Peninsular Malaysia, on 17 June 1968. The conflict also coincided with renewed tensions between ethnic Malays and Chinese in peninsular Malaysia and the Vietnam War.

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