Iskandar | |||||
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Yang di-Pertuan Agong VIII Sultan of Johor |
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Yang di-Pertuan Agong | |||||
Reign | 26 April 1984 – 25 April 1989 | ||||
Installation | 15 November 1984 | ||||
Predecessor | Ahmad Shah of Pahang | ||||
Successor | Azlan Shah of Perak | ||||
Sultan of Johor | |||||
Reign | 11 May 1981 – 22 January 2010 | ||||
Predecessor | Sultan Ismail | ||||
Successor | Sultan Ibrahim Ismail | ||||
Born |
Istana Semayam, Johor Bahru, Johor, Unfederated Malay States, British Malaya |
8 April 1932||||
Died | 22 January 2010 Puteri Specialist Hospital, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia |
(aged 77)||||
Burial | 23 January 2010 Mahmoodiah Royal Mausoleum, Johor Bahru, Johor |
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Spouse |
Tunku Puan Zanariah (m. 1961-2010) Josephine Trevorrow/Kalsom binti Abdullah (m. 1956-1962) |
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Issue | 10 children (2 sons and 8 daughters),including: 1. Tunku Kamariah Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah 2. Tunku Besar Zabedah Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah 3. Tunku Ibrahim Ismail 4. Tunku Azizah Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah 5. Tunku Mariam Zaharah 6. Tunku Norani Fatimah 7. Tunku Maimunah Ismailiah 8. Tunku Abdul Majid 9. Tunku Muna Najiah 10. Tunku Aminah Kalsom Masera Marian Zahira Iskandariah |
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House | House of Temenggong | ||||
Father | Sultan Ismail Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Ibrahim Al-Masyhur | ||||
Mother | Sultanah Ungku Tun Aminah Binti Ungku Ahmad | ||||
Religion | Sunni Islam |
Full name | |
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Tunku Mahmud Iskandar ibni Tunku Ismail (as birth) Tuanku Iskandar Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Ismail Al-Khalidi (as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong) Sultan Iskandar Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Ismail Al-Khalidi (as the Sultan of Johor) |
Styles of Sultan Iskandar |
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Reference style | His Royal Highness |
Spoken style | Your Royal Highness |
Alternative style | Sir |
Tunku Mahmud Iskandar ibni Tunku Ismail (as birth)
Tuanku Iskandar Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Ismail Al-Khalidi (as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong)
Al Mutawakkil Alallah Sultan Iskandar Al-Haj Ibni Almarhum Sultan Sir Ismail Al-Khalidi (8 April 1932 – 22 January 2010) was the 24th Sultan of Johor and the 4th Sultan of modern Johor. He succeeded his father, Sultan Ismail, upon the former's death on 10 May 1981, and was the eighth Yang di-Pertuan Agong (Malay for Supreme King or High King) of Malaysia, from 26 April 1984 to 25 April 1989. Sultan Iskandar reign lasted for almost 29 years until his death in January 2010, upon which he was succeeded by his oldest son, Sultan Ibrahim Ismail.
As was the case with his grandfather, Sultan Ibrahim, Sultan Iskandar's independent mindset resulted in strained relations with the Malaysian federal government on numerous occasions. This was more so during his days as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, whereby a number of notable public incidents involved Sultan Iskandar. Nevertheless, Sultan Iskandar was reputed to show great concern to his subjects, and was held in high esteem by many of his subjects–particularly the Malays and Orang Aslis.
Sultan Iskandar is reputed to have been a staunch disciplinarian, with willingness to occasionally voice personal opinions on governmental issues. On the personal side, subjects who have personally approached the Sultan in his later years described him as a person with a warm and generous personality. However, past critics had also argued that Sultan Iskandar was a person with a turbulent temper. These claims were made by citing records of past notorious incidents, which include an experience of being disinherited from being the Tunku Mahkota of Johor (or Crown Prince in English) by his father, in 1961, as well as a series of alleged criminal acts occurring between the 1970s and the 1990s which were published in the press and provoked widespread moral outrage within the Malaysian public.
During his younger days as a prince, Malay royalty Iskandar was commonly known by his first name, "Mahmud" or his full name "Mahmud Iskandar". He largely discontinued the use of his first name after he became Sultan in 1981, although some people still referred to him by his full name on an occasional basis.