Colonia Narbo Martius
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Narbonne Narbona |
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 Narbonne
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Location within Occitanie region
Narbonne
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| Coordinates: 43°11′01″N 3°00′15″E / 43.1836°N 3.0042°ECoordinates: 43°11′01″N 3°00′15″E / 43.1836°N 3.0042°E | |||
| Country | France | ||
| Region | Occitanie | ||
| Department | Aude | ||
| Arrondissement | Narbonne | ||
| Intercommunality | Narbonne | ||
| Government | |||
| • Mayor (2008–2014) | Jacques Bascou (PS) | ||
| Area1 | 172.96 km2 (66.78 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2008)2 | 52,252 | ||
| • Density | 300/km2 (780/sq mi) | ||
| Demonym(s) | Narbonnese (en) narbonnaise (fr) |
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| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| INSEE/Postal code | 11262 / 11100 | ||
| Elevation | 0–285 m (0–935 ft) | ||
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1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once. |
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1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
Narbonne (French pronunciation: [naʁ.bɔn]; Occitan: Narbona, Occitan pronunciation: [naɾ.ˈbu.nɔ]; Latin: Narbo) is a commune in southern France in the Occitanie region. It lies 849 km (528 mi) from Paris in the Aude department, of which it is a sub-prefecture. Once a prosperous port, and a major city in Roman times, it is now located about 15 km (9.3 mi) from the shores of the Mediterranean Sea. It is marginally the largest commune in Aude, although the prefecture is the slightly smaller commune of Carcassonne.
Narbonne is linked to the nearby Canal du Midi and the Aude River by the Canal de la Robine, which runs through the centre of town.
The town's original name is very ancient. The earliest known record of its original name is by the Greek Hecataeus of Miletus in the fifth century BC. In ancient inscriptions the name is sometimes rendered in Latin and sometimes translated into Iberian as Nedhena.
Narbonne was established in Gaul by the Romans in 118 BC, as Colonia Narbo Martius, colloquially Narbo. It was located on the Via Domitia, the first Roman road in Gaul, built at the time of the foundation of the colony, and connecting Italy to Spain. Geographically, Narbonne was therefore located at a very important crossroads because it was situated where the Via Domitia connected to the Via Aquitania, which led toward the Atlantic through Tolosa and Burdigala. In addition, it was crossed by the Aude River. Surviving members of Julius Caesar's Legio X Equestris were given lands in the area that today is called Narbonne.
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