Chinese people in Germany
| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
| Berlin,Frankfurt am Main, Ruhr Area, Munich, Hamburg | |
| Languages | |
| Numerous varieties of Chinese (predominantly Mandarin, Minnan, and Cantonese), German;English not widely spoken | |
| Religion | |
| Buddhism,Christianity, Conscious Atheism, Non-adherent | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Overseas Chinese |
| Chinese German | |||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | |||||||||||
|
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| Alternative Chinese name | |||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | |||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | |||||||||||
|
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Déguó Huárén |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | Dākgwok Wàyàn |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Déguó Huáqiáo |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | Dākgwok Wàkìu |
Chinese people in Germany form one of the smaller and less-studied groups of overseas Chinese in Europe, consisting mainly of Chinese expatriates living in Germany and German citizens of Chinese descent. In 2013, there were nearly 107,000 Chinese nationals living in Germany (101,030 of the People's Republic of China and 5,885 citizens of Taiwan). This number excludes those who have received German citizenship as well as ethnic Chinese from countries such as Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia.
Therefore, scholars estimate that Germany is home to tens of thousands more ethnic Chinese with other citizenships. Between 2004 and 2007 alone, 4,213 PRC nationals naturalised as German citizens. At that time, the total number of all Ethnic Chinese in Germany was estimated to be at around 110,000, including those from countries with significant Chinese populations. This number is very likely to have risen since then.
Though not well known even to local Chinese communities which formed later, the earliest Chinese in Germany, Feng Yaxing and Feng Yaxue, both from Guangdong, first came to Berlin in 1822 by way of London.Cantonese-speaking seafarers, employed on German steamships as stokers, coal trimmers, and lubricators, began showing up in ports such as Hamburg and Bremen around 1870. Forty-three lived there by 1890. The labour unions and the Social Democratic Party strongly disapproved of their presence; their 1898 boycott of Chinese crews, motivated by racial concerns, resulted in the 30 October 1898 passage of a law by the Reichstag stating that Chinese could not be employed on shipping routes to Australia, and could be employed on routes to China and Japan only in positions that whites would not take because they were detrimental to health. Mass layoffs of Chinese seafarers resulted. Aside from seafarers, students formed the other major group of Chinese living in Germany at the turn of the century. In 1904, at the time of Sun Yat-sen's visit to Germany and other Western European countries, more than twenty joined the anti-Qing Chinese United League he organised in Berlin. There were also groups of travelling entertainers from Shandong, with a smaller proportion from Zhejiang, who came to Germany overland, travelling through Russia and Poland to reach Berlin.
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Wikipedia