Chinese Cubans
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 114,240 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Havana | |
| Languages | |
| Cuban Spanish · Mandarin · Cantonese | |
| Religion | |
| Mahayana Buddhism · Roman Catholicism | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Chinese Peruvians, Chinese Brazilians, Overseas Chinese |
| Chinese Cubans | |||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | |||||||||||
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| Alternative Chinese name | |||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | |||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | |||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Gǔbā Huárén |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | Gúbā Wàyàn |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Gǔbā Huáqiáo |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | Gúbā Wàkìu |
Chinese Cubans (Spanish: sino-cubano) are Cubans of Chinese ancestry who were born in or have immigrated to Cuba. They are part of the ethnic Chinese diaspora (or Overseas Chinese).
Chinese immigration to Cuba started in 1857 when Chinese (Cantonese and Hakka) contract workers were brought to work in the sugar fields, bringing the religion of Buddhism with them. Hundreds of thousands of Chinese workers were brought in from China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan during the following decades to replace and / or work alongside African slaves. After completing eight-year contracts or otherwise obtaining their freedom, some Chinese immigrants settled permanently in Cuba, although most longed for repatriation to their homeland. Havana's Chinatown (known as Barrio Chino de La Habana) is one of the oldest and largest Chinatowns in Latin America. Some 5,000 immigrants from the U.S. came to Cuba during the late 19th century to escape the discrimination present at the time. A small wave of Chinese immigrants also arrived during the early 20th century to escape the political chaos in China.
There were almost no women among the nearly entirely male Chinese coolie population that migrated to Cuba(1%). In Cuba some Indian (Native American), mulatto, black, and white women engaged in carnal relations or marriages with Chinese men, with marriages of mulatto, black, and white woman being reported by the Cuba Commission Report.
120,000 Cantonese 'coolies' (all males) entered Cuba under contract for 8 years. Most of these men did not marry, but Hung Hui (1975:80) cites there was a frequency of sexual activity between black women and these Asian immigrants. According to Osberg (1965:69) the free Chinese practice of buying slave women and then freeing them expressly for marriage was utilized at length. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Chinese men (Cantonese) engaged in sexual activity with black Cuban women, and from such relations many children were born.
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Wikipedia