Assyria (Roman province)
| Provincia Assyria | |||||
| Province of the Roman Empire | |||||
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| Historical era | Antiquity | ||||
| • | Established by Trajan | 116 | |||
| • | Evacuated by Hadrian | 118 | |||
| Today part of |
 Iraq Iran Turkey
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Assyria was a Roman province that lasted only two years (116–118 AD).
Assyria was one of three provinces (with Armenia and Mesopotamia) created by the Roman emperor Trajan in 116 AD following a successful military campaign against Parthia, in present-day Iraq.
Despite Rome's military victory, Trajan's province was plagued with difficulties from the start. In 116, a Parthian prince named Santruces organized an armed revolt by the native Assyrians in the new Roman province. During the revolt, Roman garrisons in Assyria and Mesopotamia were driven from their posts, and a Roman general was killed as his army tried unsuccessfully to stop the rebellion.
When Trajan died in 117, his successor, Hadrian, implemented a new policy with respect to the recently acquired territories in the east. Hadrian believed that the empire was overextended, and wanted to retract Roman rule to more easily defensible borders. As a result, Hadrian evacuated Trajan's three provinces in 118.
History of the Assyrian people
Old Assyrian Empire (20th–15th c. BCE)
Neo-Assyrian Empire (911–612 BCE)
Achaemenid Assyria (539–330 BCE)
Seleucid Empire (312–63 BCE)
Parthian Empire (247 BCE – 224 CE)
Osroene (132 BCE – 244 CE)
Syrian Wars (66 BCE – 217 CE)
Roman Syria (64 BCE – 637 CE)
Adiabene (15–116)
Roman Assyria (116–118)
Christianization (1st to 3rd c.)
Nestorian Schism (5th c.)
Asōristān (226–651)
Byzantine–Sasanian wars (502–628)
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