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Almohad architecture

Almohad Caliphate
الموَحدون (Al-Muwaḥḥidūn) (Arabic)
ⵉⵎⵡⴻⵃⵃⴷⴻⵏ (Imweḥḥden) (Berber)
Ruling dynasty of Morocco, Ifriqiya, Central Maghreb and Al-Andalus ;
Caliphate (since 1147)
1121–1269


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The Almohad empire at its greatest extent, c. 1180–1212.
Capital Tinmel
(1121–1147)
Marrakesh
(1147–1269)
In Al-Andalus:
Seville
(1147–1162)
Córdoba
(1162–1163)
Seville
(1163–1248)
Languages Arabic, Berber, Mozarabic
Religion Sunni Islam (Creed: Ash'ari; Madhab: Zahiri)
Government Caliphate
Caliph
 •  1121–1130 Ibn Tumart (first)(under title of "Mahdi")
 •  1130–1163 Abd al-Mu'min (first)(under title of "Caliph" from 1147)
 •  1266–1269 Abu al-Ula al-Wathiq Idris (last)
History
 •  Established 1121
 •  Almoravids overthrown 1147
 •  Marinid suzerainty 1248
 •  Disestablished 1269
Area
 •  1150 est. 2,300,000 km² (888,035 sq mi)
Currency Dinar
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Almoravid dynasty
Hammadid kingdom
Second Taifas period
Kingdom of Africa
Taifas in the Al-Andalus
Marinid dynasty
Hafsid dynasty
Kingdom of Tlemcen
Third Taifas period
Kingdom of Castile
Kingdom of Aragon
Kingdom of Portugal
Kingdom of Leon
Emirate of Granada
Today part of  Morocco
 Algeria
 Gibraltar
 Libya
 Portugal
 Spain
 Tunisia
 Western Sahara


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The Almohad Caliphate (British English: /almə(ʊ)ˈhɑːd/, U.S. English: /ɑlməˈhɑd/; Berber: ⵉⵎⵡⴻⵃⵃⴷⴻⵏ (Imweḥḥden), from Arabic الموحدون (al-Muwaḥḥidūn), "the monotheists" or "the unifiers") was a MoroccanBerber Muslim movement founded in the 12th century.

The Almohad movement was founded by Ibn Tumart among the Berber Masmuda tribes of southern Morocco. Around 1120, the Almohads first established a Berber state in Tinmel in the Atlas Mountains. They succeeded in overthrowing the ruling Almoravid dynasty governing Morocco by 1147, when Abd al-Mu'min al-Gumi (r. 1130–1163) conquered Marrakesh and declared himself Caliph. They then extended their power over all of the Maghreb by 1159. Al-Andalus followed the fate of North Africa and all Islamic Iberia was under Almohad rule by 1172.


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