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Acorns

Acorn, raw
Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
Energy 1,619 kJ (387 kcal)
40.75 g
23.85 g
Saturated 3.102 g
Monounsaturated 15.109 g
Polyunsaturated 4.596 g
6.15 g
Tryptophan 0.074 g
Threonine 0.236 g
Isoleucine 0.285 g
Leucine 0.489 g
Lysine 0.384 g
Methionine 0.103 g
Cystine 0.109 g
Phenylalanine 0.269 g
Tyrosine 0.187 g
Valine 0.345 g
Arginine 0.473 g
Histidine 0.170 g
Alanine 0.350 g
Aspartic acid 0.635 g
Glutamic acid 0.986 g
Glycine 0.285 g
Proline 0.246 g
Serine 0.261 g
Vitamins
Vitamin A equiv.
(0%)
2 μg
Thiamine (B1)
(10%)
0.112 mg
Riboflavin (B2)
(10%)
0.118 mg
Niacin (B3)
(12%)
1.827 mg
Pantothenic acid (B5)
(14%)
0.715 mg
Vitamin B6
(41%)
0.528 mg
Folate (B9)
(22%)
87 μg
Vitamin B12
(0%)
0.00 μg
Vitamin C
(0%)
0.0 mg
Minerals
Calcium
(4%)
41 mg
Iron
(6%)
0.79 mg
Magnesium
(17%)
62 mg
Manganese
(64%)
1.337 mg
Phosphorus
(11%)
79 mg
Potassium
(11%)
539 mg
Sodium
(0%)
0 mg
Zinc
(5%)
0.51 mg
Other constituents
Water 27.9 g

Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults.
Source: USDA Nutrient Database

The acorn, or oak nut, is the nut of the oaks and their close relatives (genera Quercus and Lithocarpus, in the family Fagaceae). It usually contains a single seed (occasionally two seeds), enclosed in a tough, leathery shell, and borne in a cup-shaped cupule. Acorns are 1–6 cm long and 0.8–4 cm broad. Acorns take between 6 and 24 months (depending on the species) to mature; see List of Quercus species for details of oak classification, in which acorn morphology and phenology are important factors.

Acorns play an important role in forest ecology when oaks are the dominant species or are plentiful. The volume of the acorn crop may vary wildly, creating great abundance or great stress on the many animals dependent on acorns and the predators of those animals. Acorns, along with other nuts, are termed mast.

Wildlife that consume acorns as an important part of their diets includes birds, such as jays, pigeons, some ducks, and several species of woodpeckers. Small mammals that feed on acorns include mice, squirrels and several other rodents.

Large mammals such as pigs, bears, and deer also consume large amounts of acorns; they may constitute up to 25% of the diet of deer in the autumn. In Spain, Portugal and the New Forest region of southern England, pigs are still turned loose in dehesas (large oak groves) in the autumn, to fill and fatten themselves on acorns. Heavy consumption of acorns can, on the other hand, be toxic to other animals that cannot detoxify their tannins, such as horses and cattle.


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