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Zhu De

Marshal
Zhu De
Zhu De.jpg
Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
In office
April 1959 – July 1976
Leader Mao Zedong
Preceded by Liu Shaoqi
Succeeded by Ye Jianying
Vice Chairman of the People's Republic of China
In office
September 27, 1954 – April 27, 1959
Chairman Mao Zedong
Succeeded by Soong Ching-ling and Dong Biwu
Vice Chairman of the Communist Party of China
In office
28 September 1956 – 1 August 1966
Chairman Mao Zedong
Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection
In office
November, 1949 – March, 1955
Preceded by Li Weihan
Succeeded by Dong Biwu
Commander-in-Chief of the People's Liberation Army
In office
November 28, 1946 – September 27, 1954
Preceded by post established
Succeeded by post abolished
Personal details
Born (1886-12-01)1 December 1886
Yilong County, Sichuan Province, Qing dynasty China
Died 6 July 1976(1976-07-06) (aged 89)
Beijing, China
Political party Communist Party of China
Spouse(s) Xiao Jufang (m. 1912; death 1916)
Chen Yuzhen (m. 1916; death 1935)
Wu Ruolan (m. 1928; death 1929)
Kang Keqing (m. 1929)
Children Zhu Qi
Zhu Min
Awards 中国人民解放军一级八一勋章的略章.png Order of Bayi (First Class Medal)
中国人民解放军一级独立自由勋章的略章.png Order of Independence and Freedom (First Class Medal)
中国人民解放军一级解放勋章的略章.PNG Order of Liberation (China) (First Class Medal)
Military service
Allegiance Communist Party of China
 People's Republic of China
Service/branch People's Liberation Army Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg People's Liberation Army
Flag of the Republic of China Army.svg Eighth Route Army
中國工農紅軍軍旗.svg Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army
Flag of the Republic of China Army.svg National Revolutionary Army
Yunnan clique
Years of service 1927–1976
Rank Marshal rank insignia (PRC).jpg Marshal of the People's Republic of China
General First and Second Class rank insignia (ROC, NRA).jpg General of the National Revolutionary Army, Republic of China
Battles/wars Encirclement Campaigns, Northern Expedition, Long March, Hundred Regiments Offensive, Chinese Civil War
Zhu De
Chinese 朱德
Zhu Yujie ()
Chinese 朱玉阶

Zhu De (Chu Teh; Chinese: 朱德; pinyin: Zhū Dé; pronounced [ʈʂú tɤ̌]; 1 December 1886 – 6 July 1976) was a Chinese general, warlord, politician, revolutionary, and one of the pioneers of the Communist Party of China. Born poor in 1886 in Sichuan, Zhu was adopted by a wealthy uncle at age nine; this prosperity provided him a superior early education that led to his admission into a military academy. After his time at the academy, he joined a rebel army, and soon became a warlord. It was after this period that he adopted communism. He ascended through the ranks of the Red Army as it closed in on securing the nation. By the time China was under Mao's control, Zhu was a high-ranking official within the Communist Party of China. He served as Commander-in-Chief during the Second Sino-Japanese War. In 1955, Zhu became one of the Ten Marshals of the People's Liberation Army, of which he is regarded as the principal founder. Zhu remained a prominent political figure until his death in 1976. As the chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress from 1975 to 1976, Zhu was the head of state of the People's Republic of China.

Zhu was born on December 18, 1886, to a poor tenant farmer's family in Hung, a town in Yilong County, a hilly and isolated part of northern Sichuan province. Of the fifteen children born to the family only eight survived. His family relocated to Sichuan during the migration from Hunan province and Guangdong province. His origins are often given as Hakka, but Agnes Smedley's biography of him says his people came from Guangdong and speaks of Hakka as merely associates of his. She also says that older generations of his family had spoken the 'Kwangtung dialect' (which would be close to but probably different from modern Cantonese. And that his generation also spoke the 'Szechwan dialect', Sichuanese, a distinct regional variant of Southwest Mandarin that is unintelligible to other speakers of Standard Chinese (Mandarin).


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