Soong Ching-ling
| Soong Ching-ling 宋庆龄 宋慶齡 |
|
|---|---|
 |
|
| Honorary President of the People's Republic of China | |
|
In office 16 May 1981 – 28 May 1981 |
|
| President | abolished |
| Premier | Zhao Ziyang |
|
President of the People's Republic of China Acting |
|
|
In office 31 October 1968 – 24 February 1972 Serving with Dong Biwu |
|
| Premier | Zhou Enlai |
| Leader | Mao Zedong |
| Preceded by | Liu Shaoqi |
| Succeeded by | Dong Biwu (Acting) |
| Vice President of the People's Republic of China | |
|
In office 27 April 1959 – 17 January 1975 Serving with Dong Biwu |
|
| President |
Liu Shaoqi Dong Biwu (Acting) |
| Leader | Mao Zedong |
| Preceded by | Zhu De |
| Succeeded by | Ulanhu (1983) |
| Vice Chairperson of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress | |
|
In office 17 January 1975 – 28 May 1981 |
|
| Chairman |
Zhu De Ye Jianying |
|
In office 27 September 1954 – 27 April 1959 |
|
| Chairman | Liu Shaoqi |
| Vice Chairperson of the Central People's Government | |
|
In office 1 October 1949 – 26 September 1954 Serving with Zhu De, Liu Shaoqi, Li Jishen, Zhang Lan, Gao Gang |
|
| Leader | Mao Zedong |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Zhu De |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
27 January 1893 Shanghai, China |
| Died | 29 May 1981 (aged 88) Beijing, China |
| Political party |
Kuomintang (1919–47) Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang (1948–81) Communist International (1930s) Communist Party of China (1981) |
| Spouse(s) | Sun Yat-sen (1915–25) |
| Alma mater | Wesleyan College |
| Religion | Methodism |
| Soong Ching-ling | |||||||||||||||||
.svg)
"Soong Ching-ling" in Traditional (top) and Simplified (bottom) Chinese characters
|
|||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 宋慶齡 | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 宋庆龄 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Sòng Qìnglíng |
| Wade–Giles | Sung4 Ch'ing4-ling3 |
| IPA | [sʊ̂ŋ tɕʰîŋ.lǐŋ] |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | Sung Hing-lìhng |
| Jyutping | Sung3 Hing3-ling4 |
Soong Ching-ling(27 January 1893 – 29 May 1981) was the second wife of Sun Yat-sen, one of the leaders of the 1911 revolution that established the Republic of China, and was often referred to as Madame Sun Yat-sen. She was a member of the Soong family and, together with her siblings, played a prominent role in China's politics prior to 1949. She has become known as the "mother of modern China".
After the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, she held several prominent positions in the new government, including Vice President of China, traveled abroad during the early 1950s, representing it at a number of international activities. During the Cultural Revolution, however, she was heavily criticized. Soong survived the Cultural Revolution, but appeared less frequently after 1976. As the chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress from 1976 to 1978, Soong was the head of state of the People's Republic of China. During her final illness in May 1981, she was given the special title of Honorary President of the People's Republic of China.
Soong Ching-ling was born to businessman and missionary Charlie Soong in Chuansha, Pudong, Shanghai, the second of six children. She graduated from McTyeire School for Girls in Shanghai, and Wesleyan College in Macon, Georgia, United States. Like her sisters, she spoke fluent English due to being educated in English for most of her life. Her Christian name was Rosamonde (in her early years, her passport name was spelt as Chung-ling Soong, and in her Wesleyan College diploma, her name was Rosamonde Chung-ling Soong).
...
Wikipedia