Ukrainian Insurgent Army

Ukrainian Insurgent Army Українська повстанська армія
Participant in World War II
Battle flag of the UPA
Active	14 October 1942 – 1949 (active) 1949–1956 (localized)
Ideology	Ukrainian nationalism
Leaders	Vasyl Ivakhiv Dmytro Klyachkivsky Roman Shukhevych Vasyl Kuk
Area of operations	Volhynia Polesia Halychyna Podilia Carpathia
Strength	20,000–200,000 (estimated)
Part of	Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
Opponents	Soviet Union (Red Army, NKGB, NKVD, Soviet partisans)  Nazi Germany (1943–1944) Polish Underground State (Armia Krajowa) People's Republic of Poland (People's Army) Czechoslovakia (Czechoslovak Army)

Military History of Ukraine
Kievan Rus' Druzhyna (862–1240)
Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia Voyi
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Registered Cossacks Zaporozhian Cossacks (1492–1648)
Zaporizhian Host Zaporozhian Cossacks (1648–1775)
Austria-Hungary Legion of Sich Riflemen (1914–1918)
Ukrainian People's Republic Ukrainian People's Army (1917–21) Sich Riflemen (1917–21) Ukrainian Galician Army (1918–19)
Free Territory Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army (1918–1921)
Carpatho-Ukraine Carpathian Sich (1938-39)
Ukrainian National Government UPRA (1941–1944) Ukrainian Insurgent Army (1941–1955)
Ukrainian SSR Red Cossacks Ukrainian Soviet Army () (1918–19) none (1919–1991), part of the Soviet Armed Forces
Ukraine Armed Forces (1992–Present) This box:

The Ukrainian Insurgent Army (Ukrainian: Українська повстанська армія, УПА, Ukrayins’ka Povstans’ka Armiya, UPA) was a Ukrainian nationalist paramilitary and later partisan army that engaged in a series of guerrilla conflicts during World War II against Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, and both Underground and Communist Poland. The insurgent army arose out of separate militant formations of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists—Bandera faction (the OUN-B), other militant national-patriotic formations, some defectors of the Ukrainian Auxiliary Police, mobilization of local population and other. The political leadership of the army belonged to the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists—Bandera.

Its official date of creation is 14 October 1942, day of the Intercession of the Theotokos feast. The Ukrainian People's Revolutionary Army at the period from December 1941 till July 1943 has the same name (Ukrainian Insurgent Army or UPA).

The OUN's stated immediate goal was the re-establishment of a united, independent, mono-ethnic national state on Ukrainian ethnic territory. Violence was accepted as a political tool against foreign as well as domestic enemies of their cause, which was to be achieved by a national revolution led by a dictatorship that would drive out what they considered to be occupying powers and set up a government representing all regions and social groups. The organization began as a resistance group and developed into a guerrilla army.