Ukrainian Galician Army

Military History of Ukraine
Kievan Rus' Druzhyna (862–1240)
Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia Voyi
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Registered Cossacks Zaporozhian Cossacks (1492–1648)
Zaporizhian Host Zaporozhian Cossacks (1648–1775)
Austria-Hungary Legion of Sich Riflemen (1914–1918)
Ukrainian People's Republic Ukrainian People's Army (1917–21) Sich Riflemen (1917–21) Ukrainian Galician Army (1918–19)
Free Territory Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army (1918–1921)
Carpatho-Ukraine Carpathian Sich (1938-39)
Ukrainian National Government UPRA (1941–1944) Ukrainian Insurgent Army (1941–1955)
Ukrainian SSR Red Cossacks Ukrainian Soviet Army () (1918–19) none (1919–1991), part of the Soviet Armed Forces
Ukraine Armed Forces (1992–Present) This box:

Ukrainian Galician Army (Ukrainian: Українська Галицька Армія, Ukrayins’ka Halyts’ka Armiya, UHA), was the Ukrainian military of the West Ukrainian National Republic during and after the Polish-Ukrainian War.

The Ukrainian Galician Army obtained its arms from Austrian depots and from the demobilized Austrian and German troops who streamed through Galicia by the hundreds of thousands following the collapse of the Central Powers at the end of World War I. However, the centers of Austria's military industry lay far from Galicia, and subsequent difficulty with resupply was a major factor in the Galicians losing their war against Poland.

The government of the West Ukrainian People's Republic was well organized and was able to mobilize over 100,000 people by spring 1919, 40,000 of whom were battle-ready. Due to the Ukrainians' generally poor socioeconomic status, the army had a disproportionately low ratio of officers to other ranks. In the Austro-Hungarian Army, ethnic Ukrainians had accounted for only two out of 1,000 officers (in comparison, Poles had made up 27/1,000 officers in the Austrian military). As a result, although most of the junior rank officers were Galicians the government of the West Ukrainian People's Republic relied largely on former high-ranking officers of the defunct Russian Army, such as General Mykhailo Omelianovych-Pavlenko, to take on the post of commander and general staff. It also staffed many positions with unemployed Austrian and German officers. For this reason, the German language was the easiest way for officers to communicate with each other and was the dominant language among the staff. Despite these measures, only approximately 2.4% of the army consisted of officers.

The Ukrainian Galician Army reached its greatest strength in June 1919, where it had 70,000 to 75,000 men, including reserves. It had very limited cavalry but artillery, consisting of ex-Austrian pieces, was a strength. The UHA had 2-3 armored cars and two armored trains. The UHA's air force, organized by Petro Franko (son of the poet Ivan Franko), fielded 40 airplanes, and until April 1919 enjoyed air superiority over the Poles.

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