The Republic of Colombia

Republic of Colombia República de Colombia  (Spanish)
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "Libertad y Orden" (Spanish) "Freedom and Order"
Anthem: ¡Oh, Gloria Inmarcesible!  (Spanish) O unfading glory!
Capital and largest city	Bogotá 4°35′N 74°4′W / 4.583°N 74.067°W / 4.583; -74.067
Official languages	Spanisha
Recognized regional languages	68 ethnic languages and dialects. English is also official in the archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina.
Ethnic groups (2005)	86% Mestizo and White; 10.6% Black (includes Mulatto); 3.4% Amerindian; 0.01% Roma
Demonym	Colombian
Government	Unitary presidential constitutional republic
• President	Juan Manuel Santos
• Vice President	Óscar Naranjo
• President of the Congress	Efraín Cepeda
• President of the Supreme Court	Rigoberto Echeverri
Legislature	Congress
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	Chamber of Representatives
Independence from Spain
• Declared	20 July 1810
• Recognized	7 August 1819
• Last unitarisation	1886
• Current constitution	4 July 1991
Area
• Total	1,141,748 km2 (440,831 sq mi) (25th)
• Water (%)	8.8 (17th)
Population
• August 2017 estimate	49,364,592 (29th)
• 2005 census	42,888,592
• Density	40.74/km2 (105.5/sq mi) (173rd)
GDP (PPP)	2017 estimate
• Total	$720.151 billion (31st)
• Per capita	$14,609
GDP (nominal)	2017 estimate
• Total	$306.439 billion (32nd)
• Per capita	$6,216
Gini (2016)	51.7 high
HDI (2015)	0.727 high · 95th
Currency	Peso (COP)
Time zone	COT (UTC−5b)
Date format	dd−mm−yyyy (CE)
Drives on the	right
Calling code	+57
ISO 3166 code	CO
Internet TLD	.co
Although the Colombian Constitution specifies Spanish (Castellano) as the official language in all Colombian territory, other languages spoken in the country by ethnic groups – approximately 68 languages – each is also official in its own territory. English is also official in the archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina. The official Colombian time is controlled and coordinated by the National Institute of Metrology.

Coordinates: 4°N 72°W / 4°N 72°W / 4; -72

Colombia (/kəˈlʌmbiə/ kə-LUM-biə or /kəˈlɒmbiə/ kə-LOM-biə; Spanish: [koˈlombja]), officially the Republic of Colombia (Spanish:  República de Colombia ), is a sovereign state largely situated in the northwest of South America, with territories in Central America. Colombia shares a border to the northwest with Panama, to the east with Venezuela and Brazil and to the south with Ecuador and Peru. It shares its maritime limits with Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Jamaica, Haiti and the Dominican Republic. It is a unitary, constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The territory of what is now Colombia was originally inhabited by indigenous peoples, with as most advanced the Muisca, Quimbaya and the Tairona.