Republic of Texas
| Republic of Texas República de Texas |
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 Map of the Republic of Texas in green. The claimed area is in light green, while populated territory is in dark green.
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| Capital |
San Antonio de Bexar ((Mexican Texas)) San Felipe de Austin 1835 (provisional) Washington-on-the-Brazos 1836 (interim) Harrisburg 1836 (interim) Galveston 1836 (interim) Velasco 1836 (interim) Columbia 1836–37 Houston 1837–39 Austin 1839–46 |
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| Languages |
English and Spanish (de facto)
French, German |
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| Government | Constitutional republic | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| President1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1836 | David G. Burnet | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1836–1838 | Sam Houston | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1838–1841 | Mirabeau B. Lamar | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1841–1844 | Sam Houston | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1844–1846 | Anson Jones | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vice President1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1836 | Lorenzo de Zavala | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1836–1838 | Mirabeau B. Lamar | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1838–1841 | David G. Burnet | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1841–1844 | Edward Burleson | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1844–1845 | Kenneth L. Anderson | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Legislature | Congress | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Historical era | Western Expansion | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | Independence from Mexico | March 2, 1836 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | Annexation by the United States of America | December 29, 1845 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | Transfer of power | February 19, 1846 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Area | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1840 | 1,007,935 km² (389,166 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Population | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1840 est. | 70,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Density | 0.1 /km² (0.2 /sq mi) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | Republic of Texas Dollar ($) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Today part of |
 United States,  Mexico (shifting Rio Grande) |
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| 1Interim period (March 16 – October 22, 1836): President: David G. Burnet, Vice President Lorenzo de Zavala | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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French, German
American Indian languages and Czech regionally
The Republic of Texas (Spanish: República de Texas) was an independent sovereign country in North America that existed from March 2, 1836, to February 19, 1846. It was bordered by Mexico to the west and southwest, the Gulf of Mexico to the southeast, the two U.S. states of Louisiana and Arkansas to the east and northeast, and United States territories encompassing the current U.S. states of Oklahoma, Kansas, Colorado, and Wyoming to the north. The citizens of the republic were known as Texians.
The Mexican province of Tejas (in English history books usually referred to as Mexican Texas) declared its independence from Mexico during the Texas Revolution in 1836. The Texas war of independence ended on April 21, 1836, but Mexico refused to recognize the independence of the Republic of Texas, and intermittent conflicts between the two states continued into the 1840s. The United States recognized the Republic of Texas in March 1837 but declined to annex the territory.
The Republic-claimed borders were based upon the Treaties of Velasco between the newly created Texas Republic and Antonio López de Santa Anna of Mexico. The eastern boundary had been defined by the Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819 between the United States and Spain, which recognised the Sabine River as the eastern boundary of Spanish Texas and western boundary of the Missouri Territory. Under the Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819 the United States had renounced its claim to Spanish land to the east of the Rocky Mountains and to the north of the Rio Grande which it claimed to have acquired as part of the Louisiana Purchase of 1803.
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