Prusia

Prussia
Preußen (Preussen)
1525–1947
Flag (1892–1918) Coat of arms (1866–1918)
Motto Gott mit uns  (High German) "God with us"
Prussia (blue), at its peak, the leading state of the German Empire
Capital		Königsberg (1525–1701) Berlin (1701–1947)
Languages		German (official)
Religion		Majority: Protestant (Lutheran and Reformed; since 1817 Prussian United) Minorities:  Roman Catholic, Jewish
Demonym		Prussian
Government		Monarchy (until 1918), Republic
Duke1
•	1525–1568	Albert I (first)
•	1688–1701	Frederick III (last)
King1
•	1701–1713	Frederick I (first)
•	1888–1918	Wilhelm II (last)
Prime Minister1, 2
•	1918	Friedrich Ebert (first)
•	1933–1945	Hermann Göring (last)
Historical era		Early modern Europe to Contemporary
•	Duchy of Prussia	10 April 1525
•	Union with Brandenburg	27 August 1618
•	Kingdom of Prussia	18 January 1701
•	Free State of Prussia	9 November 1918
•	Abolition (loss of independence)	30 January 1934
•	Abolition (de jure)	25 February 1947
Area
•	1907	348,702 km2 (134,635 sq mi)
•	1939	297,007 km2 (114,675 sq mi)
Population
•	1816 est.	10,349,0003
•	1871 est.	24,689,000
•	1939 est.	41,915,040
Density		141/km2 (366/sq mi)
Currency		Reichsthaler German gold mark (1873–1914) German Papiermark (1914–1923) Reichsmark (since 1924)
Today part of		Germany Poland Russia Lithuania Denmark Belgium Czech Republic Switzerland
1 The heads of state listed here are the first and last to hold each title over time. For more information, see individual Prussian state articles (links in above History section). 2 The position of Ministerpräsident was introduced in 1792 when Prussia was a Kingdom; the prime ministers shown here are the heads of the Prussian republic. 3 Population estimates:

History of Brandenburg and Prussia
Northern March pre–12th century		Old Prussians pre–13th century
Margraviate of Brandenburg 1157–1618 (1806)		Teutonic Order 1224–1525
		Duchy of Prussia 1525–1618	Royal (Polish) Prussia 1466–1772
Brandenburg-Prussia 1618–1701
Kingdom in Prussia 1701–1772
Kingdom of Prussia 1772–1918
Free State of Prussia 1918–1947			Klaipėda Region (Lithuania) 1920–1939 / 1945–present
Brandenburg (Germany) 1947–1952 / 1990–present	Recovered Territories (Poland) 1918/1945–present	Kaliningrad Oblast (Russia) 1945–present

Prussia (German:  Preußen ) was a historical state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg, and centred on the region of Prussia. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organised and effective army. Prussia, with its capital in Königsberg and from 1701 in Berlin, shaped the history of Germany. In 1871, German states united to create the German Empire under Prussian leadership. In November 1918, the monarchies were abolished and the nobility lost its political power during the German Revolution of 1918–19. The Kingdom of Prussia was thus abolished in favour of a republic—the Free State of Prussia, a state of Germany from 1918 until 1933. From 1933, Prussia lost its independence as a result of the Prussian coup, when the Nazi regime was successfully establishing its Gleichschaltung laws in pursuit of a unitary state. With the end of the Nazi regime, the division of Germany into allied-occupation zones and the separation of its territories east of the Oder–Neisse line, which were incorporated into Poland and the Soviet Union, the State of Prussia ceased to exist de facto in 1945. Prussia existed de jure until its formal liquidation by the Allied Control Council Enactment No. 46 of 25 February 1947.