Presidency of Chester A. Arthur

The Arthur Cabinet
Office	Name	Term
President	Chester A. Arthur	1881–85
Vice President	None	1881–85
Secretary of State	James G. Blaine	1881
	Frederick T. Frelinghuysen	1881–85
Secretary of Treasury	William Windom	1881
	Charles J. Folger	1881–84
	Walter Q. Gresham	1884
	Hugh McCulloch	1884–85
Secretary of War	Robert T. Lincoln	1881–85
Attorney General	Wayne MacVeagh	1881
	Benjamin H. Brewster	1881–85
Postmaster General	Thomas L. James	1881
	Timothy O. Howe	1881–83
	Walter Q. Gresham	1883–84
	Frank Hatton	1884–85
Secretary of the Navy	William H. Hunt	1881–82
	William E. Chandler	1882–85
Secretary of the Interior	Samuel J. Kirkwood	1881–82
	Henry M. Teller	1882–85

The presidency of Chester A. Arthur began on September 19, 1881, when he became the 21st President of the United States upon the assassination and death of President James A. Garfield, and ended on March 4, 1885. He had been Vice President of the United States for only 199 days when he succeeded to the presidency. Chester Arthur was a New York Republican associated with the Stalwart faction of his party. In ill health and lacking the full support of his party by the end of his term, Arthur made only a token effort for the Republican nomination in 1884. He was succeeded in office by Democrat Grover Cleveland.

At the outset of his presidency, Arthur struggled to overcome his reputation as a slick New York machine politician., He succeeded by embracing the cause of civil service reform. His advocacy for, and subsequent enforcement of, the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act was the centerpiece of his administration. Facing a budget surplus, he reduced tariffs, although he also vetoed the Rivers and Harbors Act, an act he felt would have appropriated federal funds in a manner he thought excessive. He proceeded to rebuild the United States Navy, and was heavily criticized for failing to alleviate the federal budget surplus, which had been accumulating since the end of the Civil War.

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