Chester Arthur

Chester A. Arthur
21st President of the United States
In office September 19, 1881 – March 4, 1885
Vice President	None
Preceded by	James A. Garfield
Succeeded by	Grover Cleveland
20th Vice President of the United States
In office March 4, 1881 – September 19, 1881
President	James A. Garfield
Preceded by	William A. Wheeler
Succeeded by	Thomas A. Hendricks
10th Chairman of the New York State Republican Executive Committee
In office September 11, 1879 – October 11, 1881
Preceded by	John F. Smyth
Succeeded by	B. Platt Carpenter
21st Collector of the Port of New York
In office December 1, 1871 – July 11, 1878
Appointed by	Ulysses S. Grant
Preceded by	Thomas Murphy
Succeeded by	Edwin Atkins Merritt
Engineer-in-Chief of the New York Militia
In office January 1, 1861 – January 1, 1863
Preceded by	George F. Nesbitt
Succeeded by	Isaac Vanderpoel
Inspector General of the New York Militia
In office April 14, 1862 – July 12, 1862
Preceded by	Marsena R. Patrick
Succeeded by	Cuyler Van Vechten
Quartermaster General of the New York Militia
In office July 27, 1862 – January 1, 1863
Preceded by	Cuyler Van Vechten
Succeeded by	Sebastian Visscher Talcott
Personal details
Born	(1829-10-05)October 5, 1829 Fairfield, Vermont, U.S.
Died	November 18, 1886(1886-11-18) (aged 57) Manhattan, New York, U.S.
Resting place	Albany Rural Cemetery Menands, New York, U.S.
Political party	Republican (1854–86)
Other political affiliations	Whig (Before 1854)
Spouse(s)	Ellen Herndon (m. 1859; d. 1880)
Children	3, including Chester II
Education	Union College State and National Law School
Profession	Lawyer Civil servant
Religion	Episcopal
Signature
Military service
Allegiance	United States of America Union
Service/branch	New York Militia
Years of service	1857–1863
Rank	Brigadier general
Unit	Second Brigade, New York Militia Staff of Governor Edwin D. Morgan
Battles/wars	American Civil War

The Arthur Cabinet
Office	Name	Term
President	Chester A. Arthur	1881–85
Vice President	None	1881–85
Secretary of State	James G. Blaine	1881
	Frederick T. Frelinghuysen	1881–85
Secretary of Treasury	William Windom	1881
	Charles J. Folger	1881–84
	Walter Q. Gresham	1884
	Hugh McCulloch	1884–85
Secretary of War	Robert T. Lincoln	1881–85
Attorney General	Wayne MacVeagh	1881
	Benjamin H. Brewster	1881–85
Postmaster General	Thomas L. James	1881
	Timothy O. Howe	1881–83
	Walter Q. Gresham	1883–84
	Frank Hatton	1884–85
Secretary of the Navy	William H. Hunt	1881–82
	William E. Chandler	1882–85
Secretary of the Interior	Samuel J. Kirkwood	1881–82
	Henry M. Teller	1882–85

Chester Alan Arthur (October 5, 1829 – November 18, 1886) was an American attorney and politician who served as the 21st President of the United States (1881–85); he succeeded James A. Garfield upon the latter's assassination. At the outset, Arthur struggled to overcome a slightly negative reputation, which stemmed from his early career in politics as part of New York's Republican political machine. He succeeded by embracing the cause of civil service reform. His advocacy for, and subsequent enforcement of, the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act was the centerpiece of his administration.

Arthur was born in Fairfield, Vermont, grew up in upstate New York, and practiced law in New York City. He served as quartermaster general in the New York Militia during the American Civil War. Following the war, he devoted more time to Republican politics and quickly rose in the political machine run by New York Senator Roscoe Conkling. Appointed by President Ulysses S. Grant to the lucrative and politically powerful post of Collector of the Port of New York in 1871, Arthur was an important supporter of Conkling and the Stalwart faction of the Republican Party. In 1878, the new president, Rutherford B. Hayes, fired Arthur as part of a plan to reform the federal patronage system in New York. When Garfield won the Republican nomination for president in 1880, Arthur, an eastern Stalwart, was nominated for vice president to balance the ticket.

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