Möngke Khan (Mongolian: ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ / Mönkh qaγan / Мөнх хаан / Mönkh khaan) (Chinese: 蒙哥; pinyin: Móngge), born Möngke (ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠡ / Mönkh / Мөнх) } (January 11, 1209 – August 11, 1259), was the fourth Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, ruling from July 1, 1251, to August 11, 1259. He was the first Great Khan from the Toluid line and made significant reforms to improve the administration of the Empire during his reign. Under Möngke, the Mongols conquered Iraq and Syria as well as the kingdom of Nanzhao.

Möngke was born on January 11, 1209, as the eldest son of Genghis Khan's teen-aged son Tolui and Sorghaghtani. Teb Tengri Khokhcuu, the powerful shaman, saw in the stars a great future for the child and bestowed on him the name Möngke, "eternal" in the Mongolian language. His uncle Ögedei's childless queen Angqui raised him at her ordo (nomadic palace). Ögedei instructed Persian scholar Idi-dan Muhammed to teach writing to Möngke.

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Wikipedia