Mohammad Mossaddegh
| Mohammad Mosaddegh | |
|---|---|
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| 35th Prime Minister of Iran | |
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In office 21 July 1952 – 19 August 1953 |
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| Monarch | Mohammad Reza Pahlavi |
| Preceded by | Ahmad Qavam |
| Succeeded by | Fazlollah Zahedi |
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In office 28 April 1951 – 16 July 1952 |
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| Monarch | Mohammad Reza Pahlavi |
| Preceded by | Hossein Ala' |
| Succeeded by | Ahmad Qavam |
| Minister of National Defence | |
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In office 21 July 1952 – 19 August 1953 |
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| Monarch | Mohammad Reza Pahlavi |
| Prime Minister | Himself |
| Preceded by | Mostafa Yazdanpanah |
| Succeeded by | Abdollah Hedayat |
| Member of the Parliament | |
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In office 9 February 1950 – 27 April 1951 |
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| Monarch | Mohammad Reza Pahlavi |
| Constituency | Tehran |
| Majority | 30,738 (ranked 1st) |
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In office 7 March 1944 – 12 March 1946 |
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| Monarch | Mohammad Reza Pahlavi |
| Constituency | Tehran |
| Majority | Ranked 1st |
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In office 11 July 1926 – 13 August 1928 |
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| Monarch | Reza Shah Pahlavi |
| Constituency | Tehran |
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In office 11 February 1924 – 11 February 1926 |
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| Monarch | Ahmad Shah Qajar |
| Constituency | Tehran |
| Majority | Ranked 3rd |
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In office Unable to assume office in 1906 |
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| Monarch | Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar |
| Constituency | Isfahan |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | |
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In office 30 May 1923 – 23 September 1923 |
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| Monarch | Ahmad Shah Qajar |
| Prime Minister | Hassan Pirnia |
| Preceded by | Mohammad-Ali Foroughi |
| Succeeded by | Mohammad-Ali Foroughi |
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In office 30 September 1921 – 8 October 1921 |
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| Monarch | Ahmad Shah Qajar |
| Prime Minister | Ahmad Qavam |
| Preceded by | Hassan Esfandiari |
| Succeeded by | Assadollah Ghadimi |
| Vali of Azerbaijan State | |
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In office 17 February 1922 – 12 July 1922 |
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| Monarch | Ahmad Shah Qajar |
| Prime Minister | Hassan Pirnia |
| Succeeded by | Amanullah Jahanbani |
| Minister of Finance | |
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In office 21 November 1921 – 7 January 1922 |
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| Monarch | Ahmad Shah Qajar |
| Prime Minister | Ahmad Qavam |
| Vali of Fars State | |
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In office 11 October 1920 – 22 March 1921 |
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| Monarch | Ahmad Shah Qajar |
| Prime Minister | Hassan Pirnia |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Mirza Mohammad-Khan Mossadegh-ol-Saltaneh 16 June 1882 Tehran, Persia |
| Died |
5 March 1967 (aged 84) Ahmadabad-e Mosaddeq, Iran |
| Political party |
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| Alma mater |
Paris Institute of Political Studies University of Neuchâtel |
| Signature |  |
Mohammad Mosaddegh (Persian: محمد مصدق; IPA: [mohæmˈmæd(-e) mosædˈdeɣ]; 16 June 1882 – 5 March 1967), was an Iranian politician. He was the head of a democratically elected government, holding office as the Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 until 1953, when his government was overthrown in a coup d'état aided by the United States' Central Intelligence Agency and the United Kingdom's Secret Intelligence Service.
An author, administrator, lawyer, and prominent parliamentarian, his administration introduced a range of progressive social and political reforms such as social security and land reforms, including taxation of the rent on land. His government's most notable policy, however, was the nationalization of the Iranian oil industry, which had been under British control since 1913 through the Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC/AIOC) (later British Petroleum and BP).
Many Iranians regard Mosaddegh as the leading champion of secular democracy and resistance to foreign domination in Iran's modern history. Mosaddegh was removed from power in a coup on 19 August 1953, organised and carried out by the CIA at the request of MI6, which chose Iranian General Fazlollah Zahedi to succeed Mosaddegh.
While the coup is commonly referred to in the West as Operation Ajax after its CIA cryptonym, in Iran it is referred to as the 28 Mordad 1332 coup, after its date on the Iranian calendar. Mosaddegh was imprisoned for three years, then put under house arrest until his death and was buried in his own home so as to prevent a political furor.
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