The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance's function are:
Most of the policy making organizations and institutes in the field of trade in goods and services are affiliated to the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance.
The Customs Administration is affiliated to the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance. All activities regarding importation, exportation, transit, collection of import duties and other cases such as temporary importation are carried out by the Customs Administration, which is in charge of implementing the Customs Affairs Act of the Iranian year 1350 (1971), and its Executive By-Law.
Affiliated to the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance, The main purpose of the formation of the Organization for Collection and Sale of State-owned Properties of Iran (OCSSPI) is to focus all matters relating to the collection, storage, management and sale of properties that by law are under the ownership, possession, custody or management by the government.
Affiliated to the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance, the State Tax Organization is in charge of collection of taxes and the supervision of the implementation of tax all laws and regulations in Iran. Iran is implementing a bar code system (called 'Irancode') across the country in order to facilitate e-commerce and tax collection.
According to the Fourth Five-Year Economic Development Plan (2005-2010), the Privatization Organization of Iran, affiliated to the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance is in charge of setting prices and ceding shares of government owned companies to the general public and on the . President of Iranian Privatization Organization is Ali-Ashraf Abdollah Porihoseini.
Affiliated to the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance, the Organization for Investment Economic and Technical Assistance (OIETA) has been established to centralize, regulate and perform a host of activities related to foreign investments in Iran, Iran's foreign investments abroad, providing loans and credit facilities to foreign firms, institutes or governments as well as obtaining loan or credit from foreign or international sources. OIETA is a "one-stop institution" for foreign direct investment in Iran.