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Mohammad Mosaddeq

Mohammad Mosaddegh
Mossadeghmohammad.jpg
35th Prime Minister of Iran
In office
21 July 1952 – 19 August 1953
Monarch Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
Preceded by Ahmad Qavam
Succeeded by Fazlollah Zahedi
In office
28 April 1951 – 16 July 1952
Monarch Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
Preceded by Hossein Ala'
Succeeded by Ahmad Qavam
Minister of National Defence
In office
21 July 1952 – 19 August 1953
Monarch Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
Prime Minister Himself
Preceded by Mostafa Yazdanpanah
Succeeded by Abdollah Hedayat
Member of the Parliament
In office
9 February 1950 – 27 April 1951
Monarch Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
Constituency Tehran
Majority 30,738 (ranked 1st)
In office
7 March 1944 – 12 March 1946
Monarch Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
Constituency Tehran
Majority Ranked 1st
In office
11 July 1926 – 13 August 1928
Monarch Reza Shah Pahlavi
Constituency Tehran
In office
11 February 1924 – 11 February 1926
Monarch Ahmad Shah Qajar
Constituency Tehran
Majority Ranked 3rd
Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office
30 May 1923 – 23 September 1923
Monarch Ahmad Shah Qajar
Prime Minister Hassan Pirnia
Preceded by Mohammad-Ali Foroughi
Succeeded by Mohammad-Ali Foroughi
In office
30 September 1921 – 8 October 1921
Monarch Ahmad Shah Qajar
Prime Minister Ahmad Qavam
Preceded by Hassan Esfandiari
Succeeded by Assadollah Ghadimi
Vali of Azerbaijan State
In office
17 February 1922 – 12 July 1922
Monarch Ahmad Shah Qajar
Prime Minister Hassan Pirnia
Succeeded by Amanullah Jahanbani
Minister of Finance
In office
21 November 1921 – 7 January 1922
Monarch Ahmad Shah Qajar
Prime Minister Ahmad Qavam
Vali of Fars State
In office
11 October 1920 – 22 March 1921
Monarch Ahmad Shah Qajar
Prime Minister Hassan Pirnia
Personal details
Born Mirza Mohammad-Khan Mossadegh-ol-Saltaneh
(1882-06-16)16 June 1882
Tehran, Persia
Died 5 March 1967(1967-03-05) (aged 84)
Ahmadabad-e Mosaddeq, Iran
Political party
Alma mater Paris Institute of Political Studies
University of Neuchâtel
Signature

Mohammad Mosaddegh (Persian: محمد مصدق‎‎; IPA: [mohæmˈmæd(-e) mosædˈdeɣ]; 16 June 1882 – 5 March 1967), was an Iranian politician. He was the head of a democratically elected government, holding office as the Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 until 1953, when his government was overthrown in a coup d'état aided by the United States' Central Intelligence Agency and the United Kingdom's Secret Intelligence Service.

An author, administrator, lawyer, and prominent parliamentarian, his administration introduced a range of progressive social and political reforms such as social security and land reforms, including taxation of the rent on land. His government's most notable policy, however, was the nationalization of the Iranian oil industry, which had been under British control since 1913 through the Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC/AIOC) (later British Petroleum and BP).

Many Iranians regard Mosaddegh as the leading champion of secular democracy and resistance to foreign domination in Iran's modern history. Mosaddegh was removed from power in a coup on 19 August 1953, organised and carried out by the CIA at the request of MI6, which chose Iranian General Fazlollah Zahedi to succeed Mosaddegh.

While the coup is commonly referred to in the West as Operation Ajax after its CIA cryptonym, in Iran it is referred to as the 28 Mordad 1332 coup, after its date on the Iranian calendar. Mosaddegh was imprisoned for three years, then put under house arrest until his death and was buried in his own home so as to prevent a political furor.


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