Modern Turkish
| Turkish | |
|---|---|
| Türkçe | |
| Pronunciation | [ˈtyɾct͡ʃɛ] |
| Native to |
Turkey (official), Northern Cyprus (official), Cyprus (official), Bulgaria, Macedonia, Greece, Iran, Azerbaijan, Kosovo, Romania, Iraq, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Syria |
| Region | Anatolia, Balkans, Cyprus, Mesopotamia, Levant, Transcaucasia |
| Ethnicity | Turkish |
|
Native speakers
|
75 million (2017) |
|
Turkic
|
|
|
Early forms
|
|
|
Standard forms
|
Ottoman Turkish (defunct)
|
| Dialects | |
|
Latin (Turkish alphabet) Turkish Braille |
|
| Official status | |
|
Official language in
|
 Turkey Northern Cyprus Cyprus
|
|
Recognised minority
language in |
|
| Regulated by | Turkish Language Association |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | tr |
| ISO 639-2 | |
| ISO 639-3 | |
| Glottolog | nucl1301 |
| Linguasphere | part of 44-AAB-a |
Countries where Turkish is an official language
Countries where it is recognized as a minority language
|
|
Turkey (official), Northern Cyprus (official), Cyprus (official), Bulgaria, Macedonia, Greece, Iran,
Turkish (
Türkçe ), also referred to as Istanbul Turkish, is the most widely spoken of the Turkic languages, with around 10–15 million native speakers in Southeast Europe (mostly in East and Western Thrace) and 60–65 million native speakers in Western Asia (mostly in Anatolia). Outside of Turkey, significant smaller groups of speakers exist in Germany, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Northern Cyprus, Greece, the Caucasus, and other parts of Europe and Central Asia. Cyprus has requested that the European Union add Turkish as an official EU language, even though Turkey is not a member state.
To the west, the influence of Ottoman Turkish—the variety of the Turkish language that was used as the administrative and literary language of the Ottoman Empire—spread as the Ottoman Empire expanded. In 1928, as one of Atatürk's Reforms in the early years of the Republic of Turkey, the Ottoman Turkish alphabet was replaced with a Latin alphabet.
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Wikipedia