Malus domestica
| Apple | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Fruit | |
 |
|
| Flowers | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Rosids |
| Order: | Rosales |
| Family: | Rosaceae |
| Genus: | Malus |
| Species: | M. pumila |
| Binomial name | |
|
Malus pumila Miller, 1768 |
|
| Synonyms | |
|
|
| Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) | |
|---|---|
| Energy | 218 kJ (52 kcal) |
|
13.81 g
|
|
| Sugars | 10.39 |
| Dietary fiber | 2.4 g |
|
0.17 g
|
|
|
0.26 g
|
|
| Vitamins | |
| Vitamin A equiv. |
(0%)
3 μg
(0%)
27 μg29 μg
|
| Thiamine (B1) |
(1%)
0.017 mg |
| Riboflavin (B2) |
(2%)
0.026 mg |
| Niacin (B3) |
(1%)
0.091 mg |
| Pantothenic acid (B5) |
(1%)
0.061 mg |
| Vitamin B6 |
(3%)
0.041 mg |
| Folate (B9) |
(1%)
3 μg |
| Vitamin C |
(6%)
4.6 mg |
| Vitamin E |
(1%)
0.18 mg |
| Vitamin K |
(2%)
2.2 μg |
| Minerals | |
| Calcium |
(1%)
6 mg |
| Iron |
(1%)
0.12 mg |
| Magnesium |
(1%)
5 mg |
| Manganese |
(2%)
0.035 mg |
| Phosphorus |
(2%)
11 mg |
| Potassium |
(2%)
107 mg |
| Sodium |
(0%)
1 mg |
| Zinc |
(0%)
0.04 mg |
| Other constituents | |
| Water | 85.56 g |
| Fluoride | 3.3 µg |
|
|
|
|
|
| Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults. | |
The apple tree (Malus pumila, commonly and erroneously called Malus domestica) is a deciduous tree in the rose family best known for its sweet, pomaceous fruit, the apple. It is cultivated worldwide as a fruit tree, and is the most widely grown species in the genus Malus. The tree originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancestor, Malus sieversii, is still found today. Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Asia and Europe, and were brought to North America by European colonists. Apples have religious and mythological significance in many cultures, including Norse, Greek and European Christian traditions.
Apple trees are large if grown from seed. Generally apple varieties are propagated by grafting onto rootstocks, which control the size of the resulting tree. There are more than 7,500 known cultivars of apples, resulting in a range of desired characteristics. Different cultivars are bred for various tastes and uses, including cooking, eating raw and cider production. Trees and fruit are prone to a number of fungal, bacterial and pest problems, which can be controlled by a number of organic and non-organic means. In 2010, the fruit's genome was sequenced as part of research on disease control and selective breeding in apple production.
Worldwide production of apples in 2013 was 80.8 million tonnes, with China accounting for 49% of the total.
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Wikipedia