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Kingdom of Bulgaria

Tsardom of Bulgaria
Царство България
Tsarstvo Bŭlgariya
1908–1946
Flag Royal Coat of arms
Motto
God is with us
Бог е с нас  (Bulgarian)
Bog e s nas  (transliteration)
Anthem
"Maritsa Rushes"
Шуми Марица  (Bulgarian)
Shumi Maritsa  (transliteration)

Royal anthem
"Anthem of His Majesty the Tsar"
Химн на Негово Величество Царя  (Bulgarian)
Himn na Negovo Velichestvo Tsarya  (transliteration)

The Kingdom of Bulgaria in 1942.
Capital Sofia
Languages Bulgarian
Religion Bulgarian Orthodox
Government Constitutional monarchy
Tsar (King)
 •  1908–1918 Ferdinand I
 •  1918–1943 Boris III
 •  1943–1946 Simeon II
Chairman of the Council of Ministers
 •  1908–1911 Aleksandar Malinov (first)
 •  1944–1946 Kimon Georgiev (last)
Legislature National Assembly
Historical era World War I / World War II
 •  Independence declared 22 September (o. s.) 1908
 •  Balkan Wars 1912–1913
 •  Treaty of Bucharest 10 August 1913
 •  Treaty of Neuilly 27 November 1919
 •  Coup d'état 9 September 1944
 •  Monarchy abolished 15 September 1946
Area
 •  1908 95,223 km² (36,766 sq mi)
 •  1946 110,994 km² (42,855 sq mi)
Population
 •  1908 est. 4,215,000 
     Density 44.3 /km²  (114.6 /sq mi)
 •  1946 est. 7,029,349 
     Density 63.3 /km²  (164 /sq mi)
Currency Bulgarian lev
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Principality of Bulgaria
People's Republic of Bulgaria
Socialist Republic of Macedonia
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Today part of  Bulgaria
 Greece
 Romania
 Macedonia
 Serbia
 Turkey

Royal anthem
"Anthem of His Majesty the Tsar"
Химн на Негово Величество Царя  (Bulgarian)
Himn na Negovo Velichestvo Tsarya  (transliteration)

The Kingdom of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Царство България, Tsarstvo Bǎlgariya), also referred to as the Tsardom of Bulgaria and the Third Bulgarian Tsardom was a constitutional monarchy, which was established on 5 October (O.S. 22 September) 1908 when the Bulgarian state was raised from a principality to a kingdom. Ferdinand I was crowned a Tsar at the Declaration of Independence, mainly because of his military plans and for seeking options for unification of all Balkan lands with an ethnic Bulgarian majority (lands that had been seized from Bulgaria and given to the Ottoman Empire in the Treaty of Berlin).

The state was almost constantly at war throughout its existence, lending to its nickname as "the Balkan Prussia". For several years Bulgaria mobilized an army of more than 1 million people from its population of about 5 million and in the next decade (1910–20) it engaged in three wars – the First and Second Balkan Wars, and the First World War. Following the First World War the Bulgarian army was disbanded and forbidden to exist by the Allied powers, and all plans for national unification of the Bulgarian lands failed. Less than two decades later Bulgaria once again went to war for national unification as part of the Second World War, and once again found itself on the losing side, until it switched sides to the Allies in 1944. In 1946, the monarchy was abolished, its final Tsar was sent into exile and the Kingdom was replaced by the People's Republic of Bulgaria.


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