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Kalinigrad

Kaliningrad (English)
Калининград (Russian)
-  City  -
Kaliningrad Montage (2016).png
Church of the Holy Family; Königsberg Cathedral; "Fishermen's village" in pseudo-historic style; Brandenburg Gate; King's Gate; Pregolya River
Map of Russia - Kaliningrad Oblast (2008-03).svg
Location of Kaliningrad Oblast in Russia
Kaliningrad is located in Kaliningrad Oblast
Kaliningrad
Kaliningrad
Location of Kaliningrad in Kaliningrad Oblast
Coordinates: 54°42′01″N 20°27′11″E / 54.70028°N 20.45306°E / 54.70028; 20.45306Coordinates: 54°42′01″N 20°27′11″E / 54.70028°N 20.45306°E / 54.70028; 20.45306
Coat of arms of Kaliningrad.svg
Flag of Kaliningrad.svg
Coat of arms
Flag
Anthem none
City Day July 4; observed on the first Saturday of July
Administrative status (as of November 2011)
Country Russia
Federal subject Kaliningrad Oblast
Administratively subordinated to city of oblast significance of Kaliningrad
Administrative center of Kaliningrad Oblast, city of oblast significance of Kaliningrad
Municipal status (as of July 2009)
Urban okrug Kaliningrad Urban Okrug
Administrative center of Kaliningrad Urban Okrug
Head Alexander Yaroshuk
Representative body City Council of Deputies
Statistics
Area (February 2013) 223.03 km2 (86.11 sq mi)
Population (2010 Census) 431,402 inhabitants
Rank in 2010 40th
Population (January 2014 est.) 448,548 inhabitants
Density (February 2013) 1,900/km2 (4,900/sq mi)
Time zone USZ1 (UTC+02:00)
Founded September 1, 1255
Previous names Königsberg (Kyonigsberg) (until 1946)
Postal code(s) 236001, 236003–236011, 236013–236017, 236019–236024, 236028, 236029, 236034–236036, 236038–236041, 236043, 236044, 236700, 236880, 236885, 236890, 236899, 236931, 236950, 236960–236962, 236967, 236970, 236980–236983, 236985, 236989, 236999
Dialing code(s) +7 4012
Official website
on

Kaliningrad (Russian: Калининград; IPA: [kəlʲɪnʲɪnˈgrat]) (former German name: Königsberg; Russian: Кёнигсберг, tr. Kyonigsberg; Old Prussian: Twangste, Kunnegsgarbs, Knigsberg; Polish: Królewiec; Lithuanian: Karaliaučius) is a seaport city and the administrative center of Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave between Poland and Lithuania on the Baltic Sea.

In the Middle Ages, the locality was the site of the ancient Old Prussian settlement and fort Twangste. In 1255, during the Northern Crusades, a new fortress was built on the site by the Teutonic Knights and was named Königsberg (König = "king") in honor of King Ottokar II of Bohemia, who led two crusade expeditions against the pagan Old Prussians. The town was successively part of the monastic State of the Teutonic Order, enfeoffed to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, then part of Prussia and Germany (the latter until 1945). The city was heavily damaged during World War II. Its ruins were occupied by the Red Army on 9 April 1945, and what remained of the German population fled or was later removed by force. It was renamed Kaliningrad on July 4, 1946, in honor of Soviet luminary Mikhail Kalinin, who died in the previous month. In 2005 the city marked 750 years of existence as Königsberg/Kaliningrad.


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