Jijiupian
| Jijiupian | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
1340 edition Jijiupian, National Diet Library
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| Chinese name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Chinese | 急就篇 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | Quickly Master [Characters] Chapters | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Korean name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hangul | 急就篇 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hanja | 급취편 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Japanese name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kanji | 急就篇 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hiragana | きゅうしゅうへん | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Jíjiùpiān |
| Wade–Giles | Chi-chiu-p'ien |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Jyutping | Gap1zau6pin1 |
| Southern Min | |
| Hokkien POJ | Kipchiūphiⁿ |
| Middle Chinese | |
| Middle Chinese | Kipdzjuwphjien |
| Old Chinese | |
| Baxter–Sagart (2014) | [K](r)əp[dz]u[k]-spʰen |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| McCune–Reischauer | Kŭpch'wip'yŏn |
| Transcriptions | |
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| Revised Hepburn | Kyūjūhen |
The (c. 40 BCE) Jijiupian 急就篇, which was compiled by Han dynasty scholar Shi You 史游 (fl. 48-33 BCE), was a Chinese primer and a prototype for Chinese dictionaries. This Chinese character abecedarium contains a series of orthographic word lists, categorized according to character radical, and briefly explained in rhymed lines. In the Qin and Han dynasties, several similar othographic primers were in circulation, such as Cangjiepian, but the Jijiupian is the only one that survived for two millennia.
The Jíjiùpiān "Quickly Master [Character] Chapters" is also called the Jíjiùzhāng 急就章 "Quickly Master [Character] Sections" and simply Jíjiù 急就.
The title Jíjiùpiān uses the word piān , which originally meant "bamboo strips used for writing (before the invention of paper)" and was semantically extended to "sheet (of paper/etc.); piece of writing; article; chapter; section; book". Several other Chinese dictionary titles use pian, for example, the (c. 500? BCE) Shizhoupian "Historian Zhou's Chapters", (c. 220 BCE) Cangjiepian "Cangjie's Chapters", (c. 543) Yupian "Jade Chapters", and (1066) Leipian "Categorized Chapters".
Jíjiù has several possible interpretations, depending on the meanings of jí "urgent; hurrying; rapid; fast; hasty; distress" and jiù "proceed; advance; accomplish; achieve; accomplish; finish". The Science and Civilisation in China collaborators Joseph Needham, Lu Gwei-djen, and Huang Hsing-Tsung (1986: 194) say, "One hardly knows how to render its title, unless 'Handy Primer'." Thomas Lee (2000: 437) translates jijiu as "quickly getting to". The Chinese lexicographers Heming Yong and Jing Peng (2008: 57) say that jijiu 急就 "instant success" suggested "fast learning", as seen in the first words of the Jijiupian preface.
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