House of Jiang
| Qi | ||||||||||
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齊 *Dzəj |
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| Duchy (1046–323 BC) Kingdom (323–221 BC) |
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 Qi in 260 BC
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| Capital |
Yingqiu (Zibo) Bogu (Binzhou) |
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| Religion |
Chinese folk religion ancestor worship |
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| Government | Monarchy | |||||||||
| Chancellor | ||||||||||
| • | 685–645 BC | Guan Zhong | ||||||||
| History | ||||||||||
| • | Enfeoffment of Duke Tai | 1046 BC | ||||||||
| • | Conquered by Qin | 221 BC | ||||||||
| Currency | Knife money | |||||||||
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| Qi | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.svg)
"Qi" in seal script (top), Traditional (middle), and Simplified (bottom) Chinese characters
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| Simplified Chinese | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Qí |
| Gwoyeu Romatzyh | Chyi |
| Wade–Giles | Ch‘i2 |
| IPA | [tɕʰǐ] |
| Wu | |
| Suzhounese | Zí |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | Chàih |
| Jyutping | Cai4 |
| Southern Min | |
| Hokkien POJ | Chê |
| Tâi-lô | Tsê |
| Eastern Min | |
| Fuzhou BUC | Cà̤ |
| Old Chinese | |
| Baxter-Sagart | *[dz]ˤəj |
Qi was a state of the Zhou Kingdom in ancient China, variously reckoned as a march, duchy, and independent kingdom. Its capital was Yingqiu, located within present-day Zibo in Shandong.
Qi was founded shortly after the Zhou overthrow of Shang in the 11th century BC. Its first marquis was Jiang Ziya, minister of King Wen and a legendary figure in Chinese culture. His family ruled Qi for several centuries before it was replaced by the Tian family in 386 BC. In 221 BC, Qi was the final major state annexed by Qin during its unification of China.
During the Zhou conquest of Shang, Jiang Ziya served as the chief minister to King Wu. After Wu's death, Jiang remained loyal to the Duke of Zhou during the Three Guards' failed rebellion against his regency. The Shang prince Wu Geng had joined the revolt along with the Dongyi states of Yan, Xu, and Pugu. These were suppressed by 1039 BC and Jiang was given the Pugu lands in what is now western Shandong as the march of Qi. Little information survives from this period, but the Bamboo Annals suggest that the native people of Pugu continued to revolt for about another decade before being destroyed a second time c. 1026.
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Wikipedia