Gyalwa Karmapa
| Karmapa | |||||||||
The 16th Karmapa, Rangjung Rigpe Dorje (1924 - 1981)
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| Tibetan name | |||||||||
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| Tibetan | རྒྱལ་བ་ཀརྨ་པ་ | ||||||||
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| Chinese name | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 噶瑪巴 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 噶玛巴 | ||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
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| Wylie | rgyal ba karma pa |
| Tibetan Pinyin | Garmaba |
| Lhasa IPA | [kaːmapa] |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | gámǎbā |
The Karmapa (honorific title His Holiness the Gyalwa (རྒྱལ་བ་, Victorious One) Karmapa, more formally as Gyalwang (རྒྱལ་དབང་ཀརྨ་པ་, King of Victorious Ones) Karmapa, and informally as the Karmapa Lama) is the head of the Karma Kagyu, the largest sub-school of the Kagyu (བཀའ་བརྒྱུད, Wylie: bka' brgyud), itself one of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism.
The historical seat of the Karmapas is Tsurphu Monastery in the Tolung valley of Tibet. The Karmapa's principal seat in exile is the Dharma Chakra Centre at Rumtek Monastery in Sikkim, India. His regional monastic seats are Karma Triyana Dharmachakra in New York and Dhagpo Kagyu Ling in Dordogne, France.
Due to a controversy within the Karma Kagyu school over the recognition process, the identity of the current 17th Karmapa is disputed. See Karmapa controversy for details.
The first Karmapa, Düsum Khyenpa (Dus gsum Mkhyen pa) (1110–1193), was a disciple of the Tibetan master Gampopa. A talented child who studied dharma (Buddhist teachings) with his father from an early age and who sought out great teachers in his twenties and thirties, he is said to have attained enlightenment at the age of fifty while practicing dream yoga. He was henceforth regarded by the contemporary highly respected masters Shakya Śri and Lama Shang as the Karmapa, a manifestation of Avalokitesvara (Chenrezig), whose coming was predicted in the Samadhiraja Sutra and the Lankavatara Sutra.
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