Geography of Norfolk Island

Territory of Norfolk Island Teratri a' Norf'k Ailen
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "Inasmuch"
Anthem: "God Save the Queen"(official) "Pitcairn Anthem"
Status	External Territory
Capital	Kingston 29°02′S 167°57′E / 29.03°S 167.95°E / -29.03; 167.95
Largest city	Burnt Pine
Official languages	English Norfuk
Demonym	Norfolk Islander
Sovereign state	Australia
Government	part of Australia
• Monarch	Elizabeth II
• Administrator	Gary Hardgrave
Establishment
• Separation from Colony of Tasmania	1 November 1856
• Transfer of Territory from UK to Australia	1 July 1914
Area
• Total	34.6 km2 (13.4 sq mi) (227th)
• Water (%)	negligible
Population
• July 2014 estimate	2,210 (231)
• Density	61.9/km2 (160.3/sq mi)
Currency	Australian dollar (AUD)
Time zone	NFT (Norfolk Island Time) (UTC+11:00)
Drives on the	left
Calling code	672
ISO 3166 code	NF
Internet TLD	.nf

Norfolk Island (ⁱ/ˈnɔːrfək ˈaɪlənd/; Norfuk: Norf'k Ailen) is a small island in the Pacific Ocean located between Australia, New Zealand, and New Caledonia, 1,412 kilometres (877 mi) directly east of mainland Australia's Evans Head, and about 900 kilometres (560 mi) from Lord Howe Island. The island is part of the Commonwealth of Australia. Together with two neighbouring islands, it forms one of Australia's external territories. It has 1,796 inhabitants living on a total area of about 35 km² (14 sq mi). Its capital is Kingston.

Norfolk Island was first settled by East Polynesians but was long unpopulated when it was eventually also settled by Great Britain as part of its settlement of Australia from 1788. The island served as a convict penal settlement from 6 March 1788 until 5 May 1855, except for an 11-year hiatus between 15 February 1814 and 6 June 1825, when it lay abandoned. On 8 June 1856, permanent civilian residence on the island began when it was settled from Pitcairn Island. In 1914 the UK handed Norfolk Island over to Australia to administer as an external territory.