Ferrari 312
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| Category | Formula One | ||||||||
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| Constructor | Scuderia Ferrari | ||||||||
| Designer(s) | Mauro Forghieri | ||||||||
| Predecessor | 246 F1-66 | ||||||||
| Successor | 312B | ||||||||
| Technical specifications | |||||||||
| Chassis | Aluminium monocoque | ||||||||
| Suspension (front) | Double wishbone, inboard spring/damper | ||||||||
| Suspension (rear) | Double wishbone suspension | ||||||||
| Engine | Ferrari Tipo 218 2,989 cc (182.4 cu in), 60° V12, naturally aspirated, mid-engine, longitudinally mounted | ||||||||
| Transmission | Ferrari Type 589, 5-speed, manual | ||||||||
| Fuel | Shell | ||||||||
| Tyres | Early '66 Dunlop Mid '66-69 Firestone |
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| Competition history | |||||||||
| Notable entrants | Scuderia Ferrari | ||||||||
| Notable drivers |
 Lorenzo Bandini John Surtees Ludovico Scarfiotti Chris Amon Jacky Ickx
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| Debut | 1966 | ||||||||
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| Constructors' Championships | 0 | ||||||||
| Drivers' Championships | 0 | ||||||||
| n.b. Unless otherwise stated, all data refer to Formula One World Championship Grands Prix only. |
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The Ferrari 312 was the designation of the 3 litre V-12 (hence 312) Formula One cars raced by the Italian team from 1966 to 1969. Designed under the leadership of Mauro Forghieri, there were two distinct variations using this designation, the 1966 version and the completely different 1967-69 version. The '66 cars carried on the chassis numbering sequence from the previous year's 1.5 litre cars, while the '67 cars began a new sequence at "0001". To avoid confusion, the cars are commonly referred to as 312/66, 312/67 etc.
For the 1966 Formula One season, there was a change in the technical regulations, now allowing 3 litre engines. The F1 teams, even though asking for "the return to power", were more or less surprised and not well prepared.
Ferrari's first 1966 car consisted of a 3.3-liter V12 engine that was taken from the Ferrari 275P2 sportscar prototypes, modified to 3000cc, and mounted in the back of an F1 chassis. The designation 312, which would be used for a number of later cars, indicated a 3-litre, 12-cylinder engine. The engine was rather heavy, and due to the reduced capacity, lower on power and especially torque. John Surtees drove this contraption unsuccessfully in Monaco while Lorenzo Bandini drove a Ferrari Dino 2.4-liter V6. Surtees won the second race, the 1966 Belgian Grand Prix, a track that favoured power with its long straights, but the 1964 champion departed after a row with manager Eugenio Dragoni. The issue was about priorities in racing, as Ferrari was under pressure from Ford in sports car racing, and the F1 effort was somewhat neglected. Mike Parkes replaced Surtees, who went to Cooper which used Maserati engines, to finish second in the driver championship with a further win. For Ferrari, Ludovico Scarfiotti also won a race, the 1966 Italian Grand Prix at Monza which helped Ferrari finish second in the Constructors' Championship.
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