Elgin, IL
| Elgin, Illinois | |||
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| City | |||
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Elgin Historical Museum
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| Nickname(s): Watch City | |||
| Motto: City in the Suburbs | |||
 Location of Elgin in Cook County, Illinois. |
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| Coordinates: 42°02′18″N 88°19′22″W / 42.03833°N 88.32278°WCoordinates: 42°02′18″N 88°19′22″W / 42.03833°N 88.32278°W | |||
| Country |
 USA
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| State | Illinois | ||
| Counties | Kane, Cook | ||
| Townships | Elgin, Dundee, Rutland, Plato, Hanover Township, Cook County, Illinois | ||
| Incorporated | 1854 | ||
| Founded by | 1835 | ||
| Government | |||
| • Type | Home Rule, Council-manager | ||
| • Mayor | Dave Kaptain | ||
| • City Manager | Rick Kozal | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 37.94 sq mi (98.25 km2) | ||
| • Land | 37.45 sq mi (96.98 km2) | ||
| • Water | 0.49 sq mi (1.27 km2) 1.43% | ||
| Elevation | 817 ft (249 m) | ||
| Population (2010) | |||
| • Total | 108,188 | ||
| • Estimate (2016) | 112,123 | ||
| • Density | 2,994.34/sq mi (1,156.13/km2) | ||
| Standard of living (2011) | |||
| • Median household income | $56,091 | ||
| • Median home value | $209,800 | ||
| ZIP code(s) | 60120–60125 | ||
| Area code(s) | 847 & 224 | ||
| Geocode | 17-23074 | ||
| FIPS code | 17-23074 | ||
| Website | cityofelgin |
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Elgin (/ˈɛldʒᵻn/ EL-jin) is a city in Cook and Kane counties in the northern part of the U.S. state of Illinois. Located roughly 35 mi (56 km) northwest of Chicago, it lies along the Fox River. As of 2013, the city had a total population of 110,145, making it the eighth-largest city in Illinois.
The Indian Removal Act of 1830 and the Black Hawk Indian War of 1832 led to the expulsion of the Native Americans who had settlements and burial mounds in the area, and set the stage for the founding of Elgin. Thousands of militiamen and soldiers of Gen. Winfield Scott's army marched through the Fox River valley during the war, and accounts of the area's fertile soils and flowing springs soon filtered east.
In New York, James T. Gifford and his brother Hezekiah Gifford heard tales of this area ripe for settlement, and travelled west. Looking for a site on the stagecoach route from Chicago to Galena, Illinois, they eventually settled on a spot where the Fox River could be bridged. In April 1835, they established the city, naming it after the Scottish tune "Elgin".
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