Illinois
| State of Illinois | |||||
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| Nickname(s): Land of Lincoln; The Prairie State | |||||
| Motto(s): State sovereignty, national union | |||||
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| Official language | English | ||||
| Spoken languages | English (80.8%) Spanish (14.9%) Other (5.1%) |
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| Demonym | Illinoisan | ||||
| Capital | Springfield | ||||
| Largest city |
 Chicago
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| Largest metro | Chicago metropolitan area Chicagoland | ||||
| Area | Ranked 25th | ||||
| • Total | 57,914 sq mi (149,932 km2) |
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| • Width | 210 miles (338 km) | ||||
| • Length | 390 miles (628 km) | ||||
| • % water | 3.99 | ||||
| • Latitude | 36° 58′ N to 42° 30′ N | ||||
| • Longitude | 87° 30′ W to 91° 31′ W | ||||
| Population | Ranked 5th | ||||
| • Total | 12,801,539 (2016 est) | ||||
| • Density | 232/sq mi (89.4/km2) Ranked 12th |
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| • Median household income | $60,413 (19th) | ||||
| Elevation | |||||
| • Highest point |
Charles Mound 1,235 ft (376.4 m) |
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| • Mean | 600 ft (180 m) | ||||
| • Lowest point | Confluence of Mississippi River and Ohio River 280 ft (85 m) |
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| Before statehood | Illinois Territory | ||||
| Admission to Union | December 3, 1818 (21st) | ||||
| Governor | Bruce Rauner (R) | ||||
| Lieutenant Governor | Evelyn Sanguinetti (R) | ||||
| Legislature | General Assembly | ||||
| • Upper house | Senate | ||||
| • Lower house | House of Representatives | ||||
| U.S. Senators |
Dick Durbin (D) Tammy Duckworth (D) |
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| U.S. House delegation | 11 Democrats, 7 Republicans (list) | ||||
| Time zone | Central: UTC -6/-5 | ||||
| ISO 3166 | US-IL | ||||
| Abbreviations | IL, Ill. | ||||
| Website | www |
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| Illinois state symbols | |
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The Flag of Illinois
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The Seal of Illinois
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| Living insignia | |
| Amphibian | Eastern tiger salamander |
| Bird | Northern cardinal |
| Butterfly | Monarch butterfly |
| Fish | Bluegill |
| Flower | Violet |
| Grass | Big bluestem |
| Mammal | White-tailed deer |
| Reptile | Painted turtle |
| Tree | White oak |
| Inanimate insignia | |
| Dance | Square dance |
| Food | Gold Rush Apple, popcorn |
| Fossil | Tully monster |
| Mineral | Fluorite |
| Motto | State sovereignty, national union |
| Slogan | "Land of Lincoln" |
| Soil | Drummer silty clay loam |
| Song | Illinois |
| State route marker | |
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| State quarter | |
Released in 2003
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| Lists of United States state symbols | |
Illinois (
i/ˌɪlᵻˈnɔɪ/ IL-i-NOY) is a state in the midwestern region of the United States, achieving statehood in 1818. It is the 5th most populous state and 25th largest state in terms of land area, and is often noted as a microcosm of the entire country. The word "Illinois" comes from the Algonquin word for "tribe of superior men". With Chicago in the northeast, small industrial cities and great agricultural productivity in central and northern Illinois, and natural resources like coal, timber, and petroleum in the south, Illinois has a diverse economic base and is a major transportation hub. The Port of Chicago connects the state to other global ports from the Great Lakes, via the Saint Lawrence Seaway, to the Atlantic Ocean, as well as the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River, via the Illinois Waterway. For decades, O'Hare International Airport has been ranked as one of the world's busiest airports. Illinois has long had a reputation as a bellwether both in social and cultural terms and politics.
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