Dimethylamine
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| Names | |
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Preferred IUPAC name
N-Methylmethanamine
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| Other names
(Dimethyl)amine
(The name dimethylamine is deprecated.) |
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| Identifiers | |
124-40-3 
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| 3D model (Jmol) | Interactive image |
| 3DMet | B00125 |
| 605257 | |
| ChEBI |
CHEBI:17170
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| ChEMBL |
ChEMBL120433
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| ChemSpider |
654
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.004.272 |
| EC Number | 204-697-4 |
| 849 | |
| KEGG |
C00543
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| MeSH | dimethylamine |
| PubChem | 674 |
| RTECS number | IP8750000 |
| UNII |
ARQ8157E0Q
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| UN number | 1032 |
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| Properties | |
| (CH3)2NH | |
| Appearance | Colorless gas |
| Odor | Fishy, ammoniacal |
| Density | 649.6 kg m−3 (at 25 °C) |
| Melting point | −93.00 °C; −135.40 °F; 180.15 K |
| Boiling point | 7 to 9 °C; 44 to 48 °F; 280 to 282 K |
| 3.540 kg L−1 | |
| log P | −0.362 |
| Vapor pressure | 170.3 kPa (at 20 °C) |
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Henry's law
constant (kH) |
310 μmol Pa−1 kg−1 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 3.29 |
| Thermochemistry | |
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Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
−21–−17 kJ mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| GHS pictograms |
  
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| GHS signal word | DANGER |
| H220, H302, H315, H318, H332, H335 | |
| P210, P261, P280, P305+351+338 | |
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EU classification (DSD)
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 F+  Xn
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| R-phrases | R12, R20, R37/38, R41 |
| S-phrases | (S2), S16, S26, S39 |
| NFPA 704 | |
| Flash point | −6 °C (21 °F; 267 K) (liquid) |
| 401 °C (754 °F; 674 K) | |
| Explosive limits | 2.8–14.4% |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
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LD50 (median dose)
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698 mg/kg (rat, oral) 316 mg/kg (mouse, oral) 240 mg/kg (rabbit, oral) 240 mg/kg (guinea pig, oral) |
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LC50 (median concentration)
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4700 ppm (rat, 4 hr) 4540 ppm (rat, 6 hr) 7650 ppm (mouse, 2 hr) |
| US health exposure limits (NIOSH): | |
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PEL (Permissible)
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TWA 10 ppm (18 mg/m3) |
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REL (Recommended)
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TWA 10 ppm (18 mg/m3) |
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IDLH (Immediate danger)
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500 ppm |
| Related compounds | |
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Related amines
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Related compounds
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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 (what is  ?) |
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| Infobox references | |
Dimethylamine is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NH. This secondary amine is a colorless, flammable gas with an ammonia-like odor. Dimethylamine is commonly encountered commercially as a solution in water at concentrations up to around 40%. In 2005, an estimated 270,000 tons were produced industrially, but it is also found as a natural product.
The molecule consists of a nitrogen atom with two methyl substituents and one proton. Dimethylamine is a weak base and the pKa of the ammonium salt CH3-NH2+-CH3 is 10.73, a value above methylamine (10.64) and trimethylamine (9.79).
Dimethylamine reacts with acids to form salts, such as dimethylamine hydrochloride, an odorless white solid with a melting point of 171.5 °C. Dimethylamine is produced by catalytic reaction of methanol and ammonia at elevated temperatures and high pressure:
Dimethylamine is found quite widely distributed in animals and plants, and is present in many foods at the level of a few mg/kg.
Dimethylamine is a precursor to several industrially significant compounds. It reacts with carbon disulfide to give dimethyl dithiocarbamate, a precursor to a family of chemicals widely used in the vulcanization of rubber. The solvents dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide are derived from dimethylamine. It is raw material for the production of many agrichemicals and pharmaceuticals, such as dimefox and diphenhydramine, respectively. The chemical weapon tabun is derived from dimethylamine. The surfactant lauryl dimethylamine oxide is found in soaps and cleaning compounds. Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, a rocket fuel, is prepared from dimethylamine.
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