Danish–Norwegian union

Denmark–Norway
Danmark–Norge
Personal union (1523–1533) Dualistic unitary state (Real union) (1537–1814)
1523–1533 1537–1814
Flag Coat of arms
Map of Denmark–Norway, c. 1780
Capital		Copenhagen and Oslo (Only in Norway 1523–1537)
Languages		Official: Danish, German, Renaissance Latin Also spoken: Norwegian, Icelandic, Faroese, Sami, Greenlandic
Religion		Lutheran
Government		Monarchy Denmark Elective monarchy 1523–1660 Hereditary absolute monarchy 1660–1814 Norway Elective monarchy 1523–1537 (de facto) Hereditary monarchy 1537–1814 (Absolute from 1661)
King
•	1524–1533	Frederick I
•	1588–1648	Christian IV
•	1648–1670	Frederick III
•	1808–1814a	Frederick VI
Legislature		Riksråd and Herredag Absolute monarchy 1660–1814 Norwegian Government commission 1807–1810
Historical era		Early modern Europe
•	Gustav Vasa elected     King of Sweden	June 6, 1523
•	Kalmar Union collapsed	1523
•	Norwegian riksråd     abolished	1537
•	Danish rigsråd     abolished	October 14, 1660
•	Lex Regia (; ; ) confirms     absolutism	November 14, 1665
•	Treaty of Brömsebro	August 13, 1645
•	Treaty of Roskilde	February 26, 1658
•	Treaty of Kiel	January 14, 1814
•	Congress of Vienna	September 1814 – June 1815
Area
•	1780b	487,476 km2 (188,216 sq mi)
Population
•	1645c est.	1,315,000
•	1801d est.	1,859,000
Currency		Danish rigsdaler Norwegian rigsdaler
Preceded by Succeeded by Kalmar Union Denmark Sweden–Norway
Today part of		As territory  Denmark  ∟  Faroe Islands  ∟  Greenland  Iceland  Norway  Sweden  Estonia  Latvia  Germany  United States (1600–1680) As colonies United States (1754–)  India  Ghana
a: Frederick VI was regent for his father, so ruled as de facto king from April 14, 1784; he continued to rule Denmark after the Treaty of Kiel until his death on December 3, 1839. b: Denmark (43,094 km2 or 16,639 sq mi), Schleswig-Holstein (15,763 km2 or 6,086 sq mi), Norway (mainland: 324,220 km2 or 125,180 sq mi), Faroes (1,399 km2 or 540 sq mi), Iceland (103,000 km2 or 40,000 sq mi). (With Greenland: additional 2,175,600 km2 or 840,000 sq mi.) c: Estimated 825,000 in Denmark, 440,000 in Norway and 50,000 in Iceland d: 929,000 in Denmark, 883,000 in Norway and 47,000 in Iceland

As territory

As colonies

Denmark–Norway (Danish and Norwegian: Danmark–Norge; also known as the Oldenburg Monarchy or the Oldenburg realms) was an early modern multi-national and multi-lingual real union consisting of the Kingdom of Denmark, the Kingdom of Norway (including Norwegian overseas possessions the Faroe Islands, Iceland, Greenland, et cetera), the Duchy of Schleswig, and the Duchy of Holstein. The state also claimed sovereignty over two historical peoples: Wends and Goths. In addition, the state included the colonies of St. Thomas, St. John, St. Croix, Ghana, Tharangambadi, Serampore, and the Nicobar Islands. The state's inhabitants were mainly Danes, Norwegians, and Germans, and also included Faroese, Icelanders and Inuit in the Norwegian overseas possessions, a Sami minority in northern Norway, as well as indigenous peoples and enslaved Africans in the colonies. The state's main cities were Copenhagen, Christiania (Oslo), Altona, Bergen and Trondheim; its primary official languages were Danish and German. Norwegian, Icelandic, Faroese, Sami and Greenlandic were also spoken.