Duchy of Schleswig
| Duchy of Schleswig | ||||||||||
| Hertugdømmet Slesvig Herzogtum Schleswig |
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| Fiefdom of the Danish Crown (partly between 1544 and 1713/20) | ||||||||||
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| Capital | Schleswig, Flensburg, Copenhagen | |||||||||
| Languages | Danish, German, Low German, North Frisian | |||||||||
| Religion | Catholicism, Lutheranism and Mennonitism (from 16th century), Judaism | |||||||||
| Government | Duchy | |||||||||
| Duke | ||||||||||
| • | 1058–1095 | Olaf I of Denmark | ||||||||
| • | 1863–66 | Christian IX of Denmark | ||||||||
| History | ||||||||||
| • | Established | 1058 | ||||||||
| • | Disestablished | 1866 | ||||||||
| Currency | Schleswig-Holstein speciethaler, Danish rigsdaler, Pfennig | |||||||||
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| Today part of |
 Denmark Germany
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The Duchy of Schleswig (Danish: Hertugdømmet Slesvig; German: Herzogtum Schleswig; Low German: Sleswig; North Frisian: Slaswik) was a duchy in Southern Jutland (Sønderjylland) covering the area between about 60 km north and 70 km south of the current border between Germany and Denmark; the territory has been divided between the two countries since 1920, with Northern Schleswig in Denmark and Southern Schleswig in Germany. The region is also called Sleswick in English.
The area's traditional significance lies in the transfer of goods between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, connecting the trade route through Russia with the trade routes along the Rhine and the Atlantic coast (see also Kiel Canal).
Roman sources place the homeland of the Jute tribe north of the river Eider and that of the Angles to its south, who in turn abutted the neighbouring Saxons. By the early Middle Ages, the region was inhabited by three groups:
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