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Clementines

Clementine
Clementines whole, peeled, half and sectioned.jpg
Five Clementines whole, peeled, halved and sectioned
Species Citrus × clementina
Hybrid parentage mandarin orange x sweet orange
Clementines
Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
Energy 198 kJ (47 kcal)
12.02 g
Sugars 9.18 g
Dietary fiber 1.7 g
0.15 g
0.85 g
Vitamins
Thiamine (B1)
(7%)
0.086 mg
Riboflavin (B2)
(3%)
0.030 mg
Niacin (B3)
(4%)
0.636 mg
Pantothenic acid (B5)
(3%)
0.151 mg
Vitamin B6
(6%)
0.075 mg
Folate (B9)
(6%)
24 μg
Choline
(3%)
14 mg
Vitamin C
(59%)
48.8 mg
Vitamin E
(1%)
0.20 mg
Minerals
Calcium
(3%)
30 mg
Iron
(1%)
0.14 mg
Magnesium
(3%)
10 mg
Manganese
(1%)
0.023 mg
Phosphorus
(3%)
21 mg
Potassium
(4%)
177 mg
Sodium
(0%)
1 mg
Zinc
(1%)
0.06 mg
Other constituents
Water 86.58 g
Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults.
Source: USDA Nutrient Database

A clementine (Citrus × clementina) is a hybrid between a mandarin orange and a sweet orange, so named in 1902. The exterior is a deep orange colour with a smooth, glossy appearance. Clementines can be separated into 7 to 14 segments. Similar to tangerines, they tend to be easy to peel. The clementine is also occasionally referred to as the Moroccan clementine. They are typically juicy and sweet, with less acid than oranges. Their oils, like other citrus fruits, contain mostly limonene as well as myrcene, linalool, α-pinene and many complex aromatics.

Most sources say that the clementine came to exist because of accidental hybridization, with the first fruits discovered by Brother Clément Rodier (after whom the fruit was named in French and then English) in the garden of his orphanage in Misserghin, Algeria. However, there are claims it originated in China much earlier; one source describes it as nearly identical to the Canton mandarin widely grown in the Guangxi and Guangdong provinces in China.

The clementine is not always easy to distinguish from varieties of mandarin oranges. As such, it should not be confused with similar fruit such as the satsuma or honey sweet orange, or other popular varieties.

This variety was introduced into California commercial agriculture in 1914, though it was grown at the Citrus Research Center (now part of the University of California, Riverside) as early as 1909. Clementines lose their desirable seedless characteristic when they are cross-pollinated with other fruit. To prevent this, in 2006 growers such as Paramount Citrus in California threatened to sue local beekeepers to keep bees away from their crops.


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Wikipedia

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