Chinese people in Korea
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| Regions with significant populations | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
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North Korea: Sinuiju, Pyongyang, Chongjin South Korea: Seoul, Incheon, Busan |
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 South Korea
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780,000(2013) | |||
 North Korea
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10,000(2009) | |||
| Languages | ||||
| Chinese (Shanghainese, Mandarin), Korean | ||||
| Religion | ||||
| Taoism, Buddhism, Christianity | ||||
| Chinese people in Korea | |||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 韓國華僑, 旅韓華僑 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 韩国华侨, 旅韩华侨 | ||||||
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| Korean name | |||||||
| Hangul | 한국화교, 여한화교 | ||||||
| Hanja | 韓國華僑, 旅韓華僑 | ||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Hánguó Huáqiáo, Lǚhán Huáqiáo |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization | Hanguk Hwagyo, Yeohan Hwagyo |
| McCune–Reischauer | Hanguk Hwagyo, Yôhan Hwagyo |
There has been a recognisable community of Chinese people in Korea since the 1880s. Most early migrants came from Shandong province on the east coast of China; many of them and their descendants have emigrated. However, the reform and opening up of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the normalisation of People's Republic of China – South Korea relations has resulted in a new wave of Chinese migration to South Korea. In 2009, more than half of the South Korea's 1.1 million foreign residents were PRC citizens; 71% of those are Chosŏnjok, PRC citizens of Korean ethnicity. There is also a small community of PRC citizens in North Korea.
When writing in English, scholars use a number of different terms to refer to Chinese people in Korea, often derived from Sino-Korean vocabulary. One common one is yeohan hwagyo (Korean) or lühan huaqiao (Mandarin), meaning "Chinese staying in Korea". The Korean reading is often shortened to hwagyo (also spelled huakyo), which simply means "overseas Chinese" but in English literature typically refers specifically to the overseas Chinese of Korea. Other authors call them huaqiao, but this term might be used to refer to overseas Chinese in any country, not just Korea, so sometimes a qualifier is added, for example "Korean-Huaqiao". The terms "Chinese Korean" and "Korean Chinese" are also seen. However, this usage may be confused with Koreans in China, who are also referred to by both such names.
Jizi came to Korea during the Shang dynasty and established Gija Joseon and Wiman of Gojoseon came from Han dynasty China and established Wiman Joseon.
Chinese colonists settled in the Four Commanderies of Han after the Han dynasty conquered Wiman Joseon, especially in Lelang Commandery. At Lelang Han colonies of peasants were settled there.
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