Wiman of Gojoseon
| Wiman | |
|---|---|
| King of Wiman Joseon | |
| Reign | 194 BC – Unknown |
| House | Wi |
| Wiman of Gojoseon | |||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 衛滿 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 卫满 | ||||||||
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| Korean name | |||||||||
| Hangul | 위만 | ||||||||
| Hanja | 衛滿 | ||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Wèi Mǎn |
| Wade–Giles | Wei4 Man3 |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization | Wi Man |
| McCune–Reischauer | Wi Man |
Wiman (Wei Man in Chinese) was a full history military leader from the Han dynasty state of Yan who established a kingdom in north-western Korea in the 2nd century BC. Recorded in the Shiji and the Book of Han, Wiman was the first ruler in the history of Korea to have been recorded in documents from the same time period. Wiman was ethnicity Chinese.
After Emperor Gaozu of China's Han dynasty suppressed the rebellion of Zang Tu, ruler of the northern state of Yan, he appointed general Lu Wan to be the new king of Yan. In 196 BC, Emperor Gaozu suspected Lu Wan of plotting a rebellion and ordered an attack against Yan. Lu Wan fled to the Xiongnu, while his general Wiman (Wei Man) led about a thousand followers east to Gojoseon. He was initially ordered to fortify Gojoseon's northwestern border by King Jun of Gojoseon, however by solidifying power over the Yan refugees, Wiman usurped the throne and claimed kingship (194~180 BC). King Jun is said to have sought refugee in Jin state and called himself the "King of Han."
Wiman's capital of Gojoseon was Wanggeom-seong, generally identified as Pyongyang. Since the Han Dynasty was not completely stabilized yet, the Governor of Liaodong appointed Wiman as an outer subject, provided that he did not prevent natives going up to the empire. The appointment is dated at 191 or 192 BCE. Having superior military strength, Wiman Joseon was able to subjugate the State of Jinbeon (진번, 眞番) and Imdun (임둔, 臨屯), vastly extending its borders. His kingdom was eventually conquered by Emperor Wu of Han in 108 BC during the reign of his grandson King Ugeo.
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